基于AHP-熵权法的上海市道路地下空洞 风险预评估研究

Research on Risk Pre-Assessment of Underground Caves in Shanghai Roads Based on AHP-Entropy Method

地下空洞发育是引发城市道路塌陷的重要原因,对地下空洞风险进行预评估能够科学指导空洞探测工作的开展,实现城市道路塌陷的有效预警。为了保障评价过程的客观性和可实施性,基于既有城市道路塌陷的相关规范标准,归纳识别地下空洞风险要素,构建地下空洞风险预评估体系,实现了评价指标的标准化取值;用判断问卷取代比值问卷融入到层次分析法(AHP)中,改进了AHP判断矩阵的取值方法,得到管线因素权重为0.475、环境因素权重为0.322、施工因素权重为0.203,建立了一套适用于上海市道路地下空洞风险评价系统。评价结果能够直接指导地下空洞探测工作的开展,并为其他地区开展地下空洞防治和风险管控提供了示范。

The development of underground voids is an important cause of urban road collapse.Pre-assessment of the risk of underground voids can scientifically guide the development of cavity detection and realize effective early warning of urban road collapse.In order to ensure the objectivity and practicability of the evaluation process,based on the relevant norms and standards of existing urban road collapse,the risk factors of underground voids are summarized and identified,and the risk pre-assessment system of underground voids is constructed to realize the standardized value of evaluation indicators.The evaluation method of AHP judgment matrix is improved,and the weight of pipeline factor is 0.475,the weight of environmental factor is 0.322,and the weight of construction factor is 0.203.A set of risk assessment system for road underground voids in Shanghai is established.The evaluation results can directly guide the development of underground cavity detection,and provide a model for other areas to carry out underground cavity prevention and risk control.