数字经济、数字鸿沟和城乡要素配置——基于我国257个城市的实证研究

Digital Economy,Digital Divide and Urban-Rural Factor Allocation-An Empirical Study Based on 257 Cities in China

本文基于我国2011—2019年257个城市面板数据,探究了数字经济对城乡要素配置的影响和机制。研究发现:第一,数字经济发展对城乡要素配置差异呈现先缩小后扩大的U型特征,数字鸿沟可能存在。第二,地区异质性检验结果显示,东部地区和中部地区数字经济发展对城乡要素配置差异扩大效果明显,而东北地区和西部地区则具有缩小配置差异的功能。第三,数字经济发展水平对城乡要素配置差异分别在产业结构升级和财政支出占比上存在门槛效应。根据研究发现提出重视缩小数字鸿沟,强化数字农村建设,实现数字经济与城乡融合共同发展的建议。

Based on the panel data of 257 cities in China from 2011-2019,this paper explores the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on urban-rural factor allocation.It is found that firstly,the digital economy development shows a U-shaped characteristic of first narrowing and then expanding the urban-rural factor allocation gap,and the digital divide may exist.Second,the results of the regional heterogeneity test show that the digital economy development in the eastern and central China has a significant effect on the widening of the urban-rural factor allocation gap,while the northeastern and western China has the narrowing of the allocation gap.Third,there is a threshold effect of digital economy development level on urban-rural factor allocation gap in terms of industrial structure upgrading and fiscal expenditure share,respectively.Attention should be paid to narrowing the digital divide,strengthening the construction of digital countryside,and realizing the joint development of digital economy and urban-rural integration.