母乳喂养与人工喂养对婴儿期肥胖的影响

Effect of Breast Feeding and Artificial Feeding on Infant Obesity

目的:探讨母乳喂养与人工喂养对婴儿期肥胖的影响。方法:选取2019年10月—2020年10月于天通苑南社区卫生服务中心进行健康体检的198例儿童作为研究对象,根据喂养方式不同分为母乳喂养组和人工喂养组。母乳喂养组儿童出生后12个月内只进食母乳,不添加任何辅助食品和饮料,但在有医学指征的情况下,可加喂药物、维生素和矿物质。人工喂养组生后12个月内未进食过母乳,只食用婴儿配方奶粉,可添加必须的药物、维生素和矿物质。比较母乳喂养与人工喂养儿童3、6、9、12月龄时的身长、体重、肥胖发生情况。结果:两组3、6、9、12月龄时的身长比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组3月龄时的体重比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6、9、12月龄时,母乳喂养组体重低于人工喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3月龄时,两组肥胖发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);6、9、12月龄时,母乳喂养组肥胖发生率低于人工喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:婴儿期进行母乳喂养可降低肥胖发生风险,且母乳中富含大量对婴儿成长发育有益的物质,建议在育儿过程中实施母乳喂养。

Objective:To explore the effect of breast feeding and artificial feeding on infant obesity.Methods:A total of 198 children who underwent physical examination at Tiantongyuan South Community Health Service Center from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the study subjects.Children in the breast feeding group were fed only breast milk within the first 12 months after birth,without any complementary foods and beverages,but drugs,vitamins and minerals could be given if medically indicated.Children in the artificial feeding group did not consume breast milk within 12 months after birth,and only consumed infant formula,which could be supplemented with necessary drugs,vitamins and minerals.The body length,body weight,and occurrence of obesity in children at 3,6,9 and 12 months of age were compared between two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in body length between the two groups at 3,6,9 and 12 months of age(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups at 3 months of age(P>0.05).At 6,9 and 12 months of age,the body weight in the breast feeding group was lower than that in the artificial feeding group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 3 months of age,there was no significant difference in the incidence of obesity between the two groups(P>0.05).At 6,9 and 12 months of age,the incidence of obesity in the breast feeding group was lower than that in the artificial feeding group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Breast feeding in infancy reduces the risk of obesity occurrence.Breast milk contains abundant substances beneficial for the growth and development of infants.Breast feeding is recommended in the child care process.