微生物对微塑料的降解及优势微生物研究进展

Advances in Research on the Microbial Degradation and PredominantMicrobial Groups of Microplastics

微塑料作为一种新型持久性有机污染物,因其复杂的环境行为及生态效应而备受关注。综述了细菌、真菌、藻类等微生物对微塑料的降解作用及机理,总结了不同类型微塑料的优势降解菌株与菌群,分析了单一微生物和微生物群落与微塑料间的复杂相互作用对微塑料微生物降解的影响,也为微生物治理微塑料污染技术成为一种成熟高效且对环境友好的塑料垃圾污染治理方法提供重要的参考,以期未来能够更好地利用微生物手段治理微塑料污染问题。

As a new type of persistent organic pollutants,microplastics have attracted much attention due to their complex environmental behavior and ecological effects.The microbial degradation and its mechanism of bacteria,fungi and algae on microplastic were reviewed;the predominant strains and microflora for the microbial biodegradation of different types of microplastics were summarized,and the effects of complex interactions between microbes and microplastics on microbial degradation of microplastics were analyzed.It provides an important foundation for developing a mature,efficient and environmentally-friendly treatment technology to control microplastic pollution,so as to better use microbial method and technology to control microplastic pollution in the future.