经桉树皮原料有机基质培育的思茅松幼苗初造林效果

Preliminary Afforestation Effect of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis Seedlings Cultivated by Organic Substrate of Eucalyptus Bark as Raw Materials

通过对比分析经过不同基质配方和容器规格育苗后定植于山地阴坡和阳坡的1年生思茅松植株指标,为桉树皮作为基质原料在重要乡土树种育苗造林中的应用提供基础依据。采用9种基质配方和2种规格的容器培育思茅松幼苗,出圃后分别在山地的阴坡和阳坡造林,测定了定植1年后思茅松地上部分及地下部分生长情况,运用方差分析、多重比较等方法,探究了不同规格容器及不同基质配方在山地阴坡和阳坡的思茅松生长差异。结果表明:坡向对定植后思茅松的大部分生长和生理指标具有极显著的影响,其中阳坡有利于思茅松地上部分的生长,阴坡有利于思茅松地下部分的生长;营养袋规格对思茅松生长影响无显著性差异,建议用0.6L规格营养袋育苗造林;30%桉树皮基质+20%珍珠岩和30%桉树皮基质+10%珍珠岩配方对思茅松生长量的影响显著优于纯红土处理,并且与生产上使用的红土复合肥配方无显著差异。故提出了应用30%桉树皮基质+20%珍珠岩或10%珍珠岩有利于思茅松生长,可以代替施用复合肥配方,实现“减肥增效”的目标。

By comparing and analyzing the growth indexes of one-year-old Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis seedlings planted on the shady and sunny slopes of mountainous areas after different substrate formulations and container volume,it provides a basis for the application of Eucalyptus bark as a substrate material in afforestation of important native tree species.The seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis were cultivated with 9 kinds of substrate formulations and 2 volumes of containers.After the nursery,the seedlings were planted on the shady and sunny slopes of the mountain respectively.The growth of the aboveground and underground parts of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis was measured after 1 year of planting.Variance analysis,multiple comparison and other methods were used to explore the growth differences of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis with different volumes of containers and different substrate formulations on the shady and sunny slopes of the mountain.The results showed that the slope aspect had a significant effect on most of the growth and physiological indexes of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis after planting.The sunny slope was beneficial to the growth of the aboveground part of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis,and the shady slope was beneficial to the growth of the underground part of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis.There was no significant difference in the effect of nourishment-bag size on the growth of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis.It was suggested to use 0.6 L nourishment-bag for seedling cultivation and afforestation.The effects of 30%Eucalyptus bark matrix+20%perlite and 30%Eucalyptus bark matrix+10%perlite on the growth of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis were significantly better than those of red soil treatment,and were no different from the red soil compound with fertilizer used in massive production.The results showed that the application of 30%Eucalyptus bark matrix+20%perlite or 10%perlite was beneficial to the growth of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis,which could reduce the application of chemical fertilizer.