干旱胁迫对花椒生长及产量的影响研究

Effects of Drought Stress on Growth and Yield of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

为探究花椒对干旱胁迫的响应,选用‘大红袍’为试验材料,于甘肃省天水市武山县进行了盆栽试验。设置了CK处理(对照,田间持水量75%~80%)、T1处理(轻度干旱,田间持水量55%~60%)、T2处理(中度干旱,田间持水量40%~45%)、T3处理(重度干旱,田间持水量30%~35%)4个处理,比较了不同处理花椒光合特性、生长情况及产量性状。结果表明:干旱胁迫会对花椒光合特性、生长及产量造成影响,不同程度的干旱胁迫下花椒表现出不同的生理响应。轻度干旱胁迫对花椒影响不显著,在中度及重度干旱胁迫下,花椒光合指标有所降低,植株生长受到严重抑制,产量明显减少。也表明花椒具备较强的耐旱能力,在轻度干旱胁迫下仍然可维持基本的生长需求。

In order to explore the response of Zanthoxylum bungeanum to drought stress,a pot experiment was conducted in Wushan County,Tianshui City,Gansu Province using'Dahongpao'as the experimental material.Four treatments,CK treatment(control,field water capacity 75%~80%),T1 treatment(mild drought,field water capacity 55%~60%),T2 treatment(moderate drought,field water capacity 40%~45%),and T3 treatment(severe drought,field water capacity 30%~35%),were set up to compare the photosynthetic characteristics,growth status,and yield characteristics of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under different treatments.The results showed that drought stress can affect the photosynthetic characteristics,growth,and yield of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,and Zanthoxylum bungeanum exhibits different physiological responses under different degrees of drought stress.Under mild drought stress,the impact on Zanthoxylum bungeanum was not significant.Under moderate and severe drought stress,the photosynthetic index of Zanthoxylum bungeanum decreased;the plant growth was severely inhibited,and the yield significantly decreased.This indicates that Zanthoxylum bungeanum has a strong drought resistance ability and can still maintain basic growth requirements under mild drought stress.