3D打印的医用材料在组织修复与治疗中的应用

On the Application of 3D Printed Medical Materials in Tissue Repair and Therapy

当前由于交通和运动事故频发、骨肿瘤等疾病导致骨缺损、皮肤创伤不断加重等情况使病例日益增多,临床对修复材料的需求也逐年增加。不同临床修复材料的特性不同,而3D打印技术作为一项新型数字化成型技术,可与临床计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像等结合,利用计算机辅助设计个性化植入物,实现对孔隙结构的精准控制,设计出与患者受损区域几乎完全相同的三维多孔高活性修复材料,以实现精准医疗和个性化医疗。文章综述了近年来运用3D打印技术制备生物医用材料在组织修复与治疗方面的研究进展,包括生物材料的配方、制备原理及制备方法,并总结了3D生物打印技术的局限性和面临的挑战。

Currently,there is an increasing number of cases of bone defects,skin trauma and organ damage due to diseases such as,traffic,sports accidents and bone tumors,and the clinical demand for their prosthetic materials is increasing year on year.Different clinical repair materials have to have different characteristics;3D printing technology,as a new digital forming technology,can be combined with clinical computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to achieve precise control of the pore structure by using computer-aided design of personalized implants to design three-dimensional porous and highly active repair materials that are almost identical to the damaged area of the patient,in order to achieve precision medicine and personalized and to achieve precision and personalized medicine.This paper reviews recent research advances in biomedical materials prepared by 3D printing technology for tissue repair and therapy,including the formulation,preparation principles and preparation methods of biomaterials,and summarizes the limitations and challenges of 3D bioprinting technology.