宫颈癌筛查与早期诊断

Cervical cancer screening and early diagnosis

在女性恶性肿瘤中,宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率均居第四位。为加速消除宫颈癌,提高人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗接种率和宫颈癌筛查是最重要的方法。我国宫颈癌近年发病呈年轻化趋势,人群筛查率低,科学广泛的宫颈癌筛查和早期诊断至关重要。世界各国宫颈癌的筛查策略在方法、开始时间、时间间隔、结束时间等方面均存在一定差异且不断更新,本文从宫颈癌病因和流行病学出发,对国内外最新宫颈癌筛查方法、策略和早期诊断经验进行总结,为宫颈癌防治工作提供帮助与思考。

Among female malignant tumors,cervical cancer ranks fourth in terms of incidence rate and mortality.To accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer,increasing the vaccination rate of human papillomavirus(HPV)and cervical cancer screening are the most important methods.In recent years,the incidence of cervical cancer in China has shown a younger trend,and the population screening rate is low.Scientific and extensive cervical cancer screening and early diagnosis are crucial.The screening strategies for cervical cancer in various countries around the world have certain differences and are constantly updated in terms of methods,start time,time interval,and end time.Starting from the etiology and epidemiology of cervical cancer,this article summarizes the latest cervical cancer screening methods,strategies,and early diagnosis experience at home and abroad,providing help and thinking for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.