石家庄市孕前女性健康状况调查

Survey on the health status of women before pregnancy in Shijiazhuang

目的调查石家庄市孕前女性的健康状况。方法抽取石家庄市的1000名待孕女性为对象,对其一般资料、孕前优生检查病历结果进行调查,并随访妊娠结果,分析石家庄市孕前女性的健康风险情况。结果1000名待孕女性中,有539名存在健康风险,其中1.00%为遗传风险,1.10%为心理风险,3.00%为生殖风险,3.60%为环境风险,1.30%为慢病风险,1.50%为行为风险,15.30%为感染风险,27.10%为营养风险。不同常住地、年龄孕前女性的健康风险的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠结局为出生缺陷、流产或早产、妊娠合并症、胎儿宫内受限及巨大儿的女性健康风险的检出率较未出现不良妊娠结局的女性高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄结构的孕前女性的心理风险、生殖风险、行为风险、慢病风险、营养风险及感染风险的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同居住地的孕前女性的心理风险、生殖风险、行为风险、慢病风险及感染风险的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论石家庄市孕前女性的健康风险发生率较高,且会对妊娠结局造成影响,因此需重视孕前优生检查,通过明确健康风险类型,并予以针对性干预及孕前保健,从而改善妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate and analyze the health status of women before pregnancy in Shijiazhuang.Methods A total of 1,000 women who were prepared to be pregnant in Shijiazhuang were randomly selected as the objects,and their general information and pre-pregnancy eugenics medical records were investigated.The pregnancy outcomes were followed up,and the health risks of pre-pregnancy women in Shijiazhuang were analyzed.Results Of the 1,000 pregnant women,539 had health risks,including genetic risks,psychological risks,reproductive risks,environmental risks,chronic disease risks,behavior risks,infection risks and nutrition risks in 1.00%,1.10%,3.00%,3.60%,1.30%,1.50%,15.30%,and 27.10%of investigated women,respectively.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of the health risks of pre-pregnancy women of differences usual residence and ages(P<0.05).The detection rate of health risks was significantly higher in women with adverse pregnancy outcomes(e.g.,birth defects,miscarriages or premature births,comorbidities in pregnancy,fetal intrauterine restriction,and fetal macrosomia)than that in women without adverse pregnancy outcomes(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the detection rate of psychological risk,reproductive risk,behavioral risk,chronic disease risk,nutrition risk and infection risk of pre-pregnancy women of different age groups(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the detection rate of psychological risk,reproductive risk,behavioral risk,chronic disease risk and infection risk in pre-pregnancy women at different residences(P<0.05).Conclusion The pre-pregnancy women’s health risk rate in Shijiazhuang is relatively high,which will affect pregnancy outcomes.Therefore,it is necessary to highlight pre-pregnancy eugenics examinations.Through clarifying the types of health risks,and providing targeted interventions and pre-pregnancy care,pregnancy outcomes are expected to be improved in pre-pregnancy women in Shijiazhuang.