面向创新的国家多元组织方式变革:趋势、路径与选择

Changes in National Forms of Organization for Innovation:Trends,Approaches and Choices

一个国家形成创新驱动发展的局面与其市场、政府、网络等组织方式的变革息息相关。我国的创新与发展政策强调了市场和政府的不同作用及其相互关系,对能够有效配置技术创新资源的网络组织及其与市场、政府的良性互动的关注相对不足。我们围绕国家创新能力提升,从思想市场角度出发,提出基于思想联系的市场、政府与网络三位一体的“双三角形”分析框架,论述主要发达国家和地区现代化进程中组织方式变革的历程;以美国统一市场建设、产业集群组织设立为例,阐明基于立法的政策一体化对促进国内市场、网络组织有效运行的战略价值;以我国产业技术联盟政策为例,展示我国公共政策制定中逐层逐渐演进的格局。研究表明,组织方式变革是提升我国创新能力与发展潜力的重要战略选择。

Innovation-driven development of nations rests upon their changing functions of market,government and network forms of organization.Innovation and development policies in China frequently stress the roles of and relationships between market and government,with little emphasis on network forms of organization,an efficient mechanism for innovative resource allocation,and their interactions with market and government.With focus on strengthening national innovation capacity,this paper attempts to propose an idea link-based bi-triangle-shaped analytical framework of interrelating market,government with network,and introduce changes in the three forms of organization in the processes of modernization in advanced countries and regions;We then present the strategic value of lawmaking-based policy integration in facilitating the efficient functions of market and network,evidenced by realization of market unification and rise of industrial cluster organizations in the U.S.;Finally,we show how multiple policy streams evolve in a top-down way public policymaking in China,evidenced by progress in the policies of industrial innovation alliances.It shows that changing multiple forms of organization is a strategic choice to promote innovation capacity and development potentials in China.