新信息技术对刑法个人信息保护的挑战与破解路径

The Challenge and Solution of Personal Information Protection in Criminal Law Under the New Information Technology

刑法个人信息保护随信息技术生而生,也必然随信息技术变而变。新信息技术对个人信息进行形塑,使得个人信息属性复杂多变、“知情同意”原则虚化,滥用个人信息也日益严重。为了应对这些挑战,刑法的破解路径是,首先应对其保护立场进行根本性的转变,变绝对保护立场为相对保护立场;然后立足于相对保护立场,确立适应新信息技术的个人信息类型、法益类型和归责原则,进而引入个人信息生命周期理论,构建收集、处理、交易和使用全场景的刑法个人信息保护模型。

The protection of personal information in criminal law is born with information technology,and it also inevitably changes with the development of information technology.New information technology shapes personal information,makes the attributes of personal information complex and changeable.The principle of"informed consent"is blurred,and the abuse of personal information is increasingly serious.In order to cope with these challenges,the solution of the criminal law should firstly make a fundamental change of its protection position,turning the absolute protection position into the relative protection position.Then,based on the relative protection standpoint,establish personal information type,legal interest type and imputation principle which adapt to the new information technology.Finally,it should introduce the personal information life cycle theory to build a criminal law personal information protection model of collection,processing,trading and using.