《巴黎手稿》:生命美学的“真正诞生地和秘密”

The Paris Manuscript:The"True Birthplace and Secret"of the Aesthetics of Life

马克思的哲学思考是以“人的解放”为核心的,也是由“实践的唯物主义”与“实践的人道主义”两个维度组成的。马克思的美学思考主要不是体现在“实践的唯物主义”以及马克思关于“实践的唯物主义”的思考之中,而是主要体现在“实践的人道主义”的维度,体现在马克思关于“实践的人道主义”的思考之中。马克思的美学是“生命”的、“生成”的、“生产”的。它是“实践的人道主义”的集中体现,也是“完成了的人道主义”的理论表达。在《巴黎手稿》中,真正给予我们以美学启迪的,不是马克思的关于人类解放的历史求解——“实践的唯物主义”,而是马克思的关于人类解放的价值省察——“实践的人道主义”,也就是对于“实践”的“人道主义”批判,以及从实践活动对于人的满足程度出发的对于实践活动的进步与否的省察。因此,马克思的美学直接与马克思关于人的思考有关,也就是直接与马克思关于“实践的人道主义”的思考有关,而间接与马克思的唯物主义历史观、政治经济学和科学社会主义有关,也间接与马克思的“实践的唯物主义”有关。在对于《巴黎手稿》的理解中,这是一个十分重要的思想逻辑,万万不可忽视。

Marx's philosophical thinking is based on"man's liberation",and is composed of"practical materialism"and"practical humanism".Marx's aesthetic thinking is not mainly reflected in"practical materialism"and his thinking about""practical materialism",but mainly reflected in the dimension of"practical humanism",as well as his thinking about"practical humanism".Marx's aesthetic thinking emphasizes"life""generation"and"production".It is a concentrated embodiment of"practical humanitarianism"and the theoretical expression of"accomplished humanitarianism".In the Paris Manuscript,it is"practical humanism",the"humanitarian"criticism of"practice",that inspires us aesthetically,not his historical solution of human liberation through"practical materialism".Therefore,Marx's aesthetics is directly related to his thinking about human beings,to be more concise,"practical humanism",and indirectly related to his materialistic view of history,political economy and scientific socialism.At the same time,it is indirectly related to Marx's"practical materialism".This is an important logic to understand the Paris Manuscript and cannot be ignored.