针吸细胞块技术在术前乳腺癌分子分型中的应用研究

Application of needle aspiration cell block technique in preoperative molecular typing of breast cancer

目的探讨针吸细胞块技术在术前乳腺癌分子分型中的应用价值。方法选取2020年3月至2022年7月75例乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,所有患者术前均接受针吸细胞块技术检查,并以术后病理组织学及免疫组织化学结果为标准,评价针吸细胞块技术在术前乳腺癌分子分型中的应用价值。应用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行处理,计量资料符合正态分布的采用(±s)表示,计数资料采用[例(%)]表示,行χ^(2)检验。P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果术前针吸细胞块技术诊断为高度可疑乳腺癌和乳腺癌的75例女性患者,经术后病理组织学检查均证实为乳腺癌,针吸细胞块技术对乳腺癌的诊断准确度为100%。术前针吸细胞块技术与术后病理组织学免疫组织化学结果对比显示,孕激素受体(PR)、雌激素受体(ER)、人表皮生长因子受体2(Her-2)和细胞核增殖抗原(Ki-67)的符合率分别为97.3%(73/75)、98.7%(74/75)、97.3%(73/75)和94.7%(71/75),各分子标记物在乳腺癌细胞块与相应组织中的表达结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且术前针吸细胞块技术与术后病理组织学分子分型总符合率可达96.0%。结论针吸细胞块技术是术前乳腺癌诊断中准确且易行的方法,不仅提高了乳腺癌诊断的准确性,进一步明确了乳腺癌的分子分型,并有助于临床医师术前掌握更准确的乳腺癌生物学特征。

Objective To investigate the application value of needle aspiration cell block technique in preoperative molecular classification of breast cancer.Methods Seventy-five patients with breast cancer from March 2020 to July 2022 were selected as research objects.All patients were examined by needle aspiration cell block technique before surgery,and the application value of needle aspiration cell block technique in preoperative molecular typing of breast cancer was evaluated based on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical results.SPSS20.0 software was used to process the data.The measurement data conforming to normal distribution was represented by(±s),and the count data was represented by[n(%)],usingχ^(2) test.P<0.05 indicated statistically significant difference.Results 75 female patients diagnosed with highly suspicious breast cancer and breast cancer by needle aspiration cell block technique before surgery were all confirmed to be breast cancer by postoperative histopathological examination.The accuracy of needle aspiration cell block technique for breast cancer diagnosis was 100%.The comparison of preoperative needle aspiration and postoperative histopathological immunohistochemical results showed that,The coincidence rates of progesterone receptor(PR),estrogen receptor(ER),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her-2)and nuclear proliferation antigen(Ki-67)were 97.3%(73/75),98.7%(74/75),97.3%(73/75)and 94.7%(71/75),respectively.There was no significant difference in the expression of each molecular marker between the breast cancer cell block and the corresponding tissue(P>0.05),and the total coincidence rate of preoperative needle aspiration cell block technique and postoperative histopathological molecular typing reached 96.0%.Conclusion Needle aspiration cell block technique is an accurate and easy method in preoperative diagnosis of breast cancer.It not only improves the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis,further defines the molecular classification of breast cancer,and helps clinicians to grasp more accurate biological characteristics of breast cancer before surgery.