柳宗元诗歌的简淡至味在宋代的因缘际会

The Acceptance of the Simple and Rich Style of Liu Zongyuan's Poetry in the Song Dynasty

就诗学理论而言,宋人对柳诗的简淡至味和雄深孤峭两种风格均有关注;论钟情属意,简淡至味相对获得了更多凸显和标识。次韵追和的戚戚共鸣、语典诗意的巧妙化用、诗话选本的甄别摘录等构成简淡至味的艺术实践;奇趣淡泊、从容舒缓、省力精妙和言约意丰等,构成此风格的审美体验。柳诗与陶诗相近的特点,使其无可争议地成为宋人借鉴与超越前代诗歌艺术的榜样和路径。理学家对柳诗的评价认同,以简淡至味强化了柳诗建构宋代诗学的意义价值。简淡至味风格的被选择和形塑,同宋人面对苦难从容超越的文化心理及平和澹泊的人生境界息息相关。

As far as poetics was concerned,scholars in the Song Dynasty paid attention to the simple and magnificent characteristics of Liu Zongyuan's poems.Comparatively,the simple and rich style got more attention in artistic practices:the Song literati interpreted Liu's poetic skills,wrote pieces rhyming on Liu's poems,used allusions from Liu's works,and made excerpts and selections of Liu's poetry.The aesthetic experience of this style could be concluded as interesting,easy,simple and exquisite.Since Liu's poetry is similar to Tao's in its style,it had set a best example for Song literati that they might also be able to learn from and surpass the masters in previous times.Neo-Confucians'appraisal and recognition of Liu's poetry undoubtedly strengthened Liu's position in poetic history with his simple and rich poetic style.The acceptance and shaping of the style was not so much in line with Song people's cultural psychology-calmly endure sufferings and overcome hardships,but rather the poetic life shaped and demonstrated by the rational spirit of Song people who pursued a peaceful and indifferent realm.