高龄产妇产褥期疲乏现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the current status of puerperal fatigue in women at advanced maternal age and its influencing factors

目的评估高龄产妇产褥期疲乏现状,并探讨相关影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年12月—2020年10月在济南市4所医院产科门诊产后42 d复查的210名高龄产妇作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、疲乏量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查。采用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析高龄产妇产褥期疲乏发生的影响因素。结果高龄产妇产褥期疲乏量表得分为(6.84±3.11)分,疲乏的发生率为94.61%。多元线性回归分析结果显示,孕产史、分娩方式、焦虑水平、抑郁水平、睡眠质量、社会支持水平是影响高龄产妇产褥期疲乏的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄产妇产褥期疲乏水平较高,医护人员应注重产后随访中疲乏水平的评估,并动态关注高龄产妇产褥期的身心状况,为其提供精准、个体化的产后身心健康宣教。

Objective To evaluate the puerperal fatigue status of women at advanced maternal age and to explore its influencing factors.Methods This study included 210 women at advanced maternal age who were reviewed on 42 days postpartum at 4 hospitals in Jinan from December 2019 to October 2020,and clinical data was collected by the General Information Questionnaire,Fatigue Scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,Anxiety Self-Rating Scale,Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale,and Social Support Rating Scale.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of puerperal fatigue in women at advanced maternal age.Results The fatigue score during the puerperium for women at advanced maternal age was(6.84±3.11),and the prevalence of fatigue was 94.61%.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that pregnancy and childbirth history,delivery mode,anxiety,depression,sleep quality,and social support were the main factors influencing their level of fatigue(P<0.05).Conclusion The puerperal fatigue level of women at advanced maternal age is at a high level.Healthcare workers should pay more attention to the assessment of fatigue levels during the puerperium and provide accurate and individualized postpartum psychological and physiological care.