金融安全视域下非法集资风险的预防监管

Prevention Supervision of Illegal Fundraising Risks from the Perspective of Financial Security

强化金融机构对非法集资风险的预防监管,是党的二十大报告提出的完善国家风险监测预警体系的重要要求。需要以新发展理念为指导,明确金融机构对非法集资风险开展预防监管的必要性与紧迫性。当前,对该领域的研究与实践仍处于起步阶段,初步形成了“穿透式监管”“冒烟指数”“监管沙盒”等监管理论,实践中探索出了“依托型”“嵌入型”“专属型”等监管模式。进入新时代新征程,金融机构预防监管工作仍面临法律、资源和技术等供给不足的问题。对此,在借鉴欧美国家夯实风险监测大数据基础设施的经验做法基础上,统筹推进金融领域的立法和修法工作,多措并举破除数据壁垒和打通信息孤岛,构建适变性强的“基础模型+特色识别点”监测模型。

Strengthening the prevention and supervision of illegal fundraising risks by financial institutions is an important part of the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,which proposes to improve the national risk monitoring and early warning system.It is necessary to use new development concepts as guidance to explore the necessity and urgency of financial institutions'prevention and regulation of illegal fundraising risks.At present,research and practice in this field are still in the initial stage,and regulatory theories such as"penetrating regulation","smoke index",and"regulatory sandbox"have been preliminarily formed.In practice,regulatory models such as"relying on","embedded",and"exclusive"have been explored.Entering a new era and new journey,financial institutions still face insufficient supply of laws,resources,and technology in their prevention and regulation work.In this regard,on the basis of learning from the experience of European and American countries in consolidating risk monitoring big data infrastructure,it is suggested to coordinate the legislation and law amendment in the financial field,take multiple measures to break down data barriers and information silo,and build a highly adaptable"basic model+characteristic identification points"monitoring model.