建设统一大市场:粤港澳大湾区市场一体化的演化历程、经济规律与可借鉴经验

Building a Unified Market:the Evolution,Economic Laws and Referential Experience of Market Integration of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

2022年,党和国家提出建设全国统一大市场,优先开展区域市场一体化工作,总结并复制推广典型经验。改革开放以来,粤港澳大湾区市场一体化在功能性整合和制度性整合的共同作用下不断演化成型。文章基于劳动地域分工、比较优势等理论总结其市场一体化的理论机制与经济规律,初步发现:产业一体化、交通一体化、环境资源规制一体化是大湾区市场一体化蓬勃发展的重要推动力。据此,提出建设全国统一大市场的可行路径是以经济梯度做好顶层设计,发挥好极化-涓滴效应;以比较优势形成产业一体化突破行政区经济,发挥好联通效应;而在小块区域市场划分中,将地域文化作为参考之一,可以有效降低小块区域内市场化改革微观阻力,助力构建统一市场制度规则。

Since the reform and opening up,market integration of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)has continuously evolved and formed under the combined effect of functional integration and institutional integration.This paper summarizes the theoretical mechanism and economic laws of market integration of GBA based on the theories of regional division of labor and comparative advantages.It is preliminarily found that industrial integration,transportation integration and environmental resource regulation integration are the important driving forces for the vigorous development of market integration of GBA.Accordingly,it is proposed that the feasible path to build a unified national market is to conduct good top-level design with economic gradients and give full play to the polarization trickle-down effect;industrial integration is formed with comparative advantages to break through the economy of administrative regions and give full play to the connectivity effect;in the market division of small regions,taking regional culture as one of the references can effectively reduce the micro resistance to the market-oriented reform in small regions and help construct the systems and rules of the unified market.