OFDI是否有助于中国制造业实现稳链、固链和提链——基于企业国际竞争力层次传导效应与断裂环节的识别

Does OFDI Help China's Manufacturing Industry to Stabilize,Consolidate and Upgrade the Industrial Chain:Based on the Hierarchical Transmission Effect of International Competitiveness of the Enterprises and the Identification of Broken Links

文章把企业通过OFDI引致的“生产率-国际市场份额-获利能力”三层次国际竞争力的递进关系与制造业稳链、固链、提链的进阶逻辑有机结合,构建了OFDI影响发展中国家企业国际竞争力的层次传导机理,并使用2003~2013年14760家中国制造业企业数据进行实证检验。研究结论显示:中国企业通过OFDI实现了从稳链到固链的传导,却无法进一步实现提链效应;商贸服务型OFDI助力中国企业实现了稳链、固链的递进发展,但阻碍了链的跃升,而生产型OFDI的传导效应在稳链环节就出现断裂;中国企业对上环流国家OFDI能稳链、但无法进一步传导,而对下环流OFDI虽无法稳链、但可以起到固链作用;国有企业与外资企业在稳链环节出现断裂,而本土民营企业通过OFDI实现了稳链到固链的传导。

This paper organically combines the progressive relationship of the three levels of international competitiveness of“productivity-international market share-profitability”caused by OFDI with the advanced logic of stabilizing,consolidating and upgrading the industrial chain of manufacturing industry,constructs a hierarchical transmission mechanism of OFDI's impact on international competitiveness of the enterprises in the developing countries,and uses the data of 14760 China's manufacturing enterprises from 2003 to 2013 for empirical test.The research conclusions show that:China's enterprises achieve the transmission from stabilizing the industrial chain to consolidating the industrial chain through OFDI,but cannot further realize the upgrading of the industrial chain;the trading-service-oriented OFDI helps China's enterprises achieve the progressive development of stabilizing and consolidating the industrial chain,but it hinders the leap of the industrial chain,while the transmission effect of the production-oriented OFDI breaks in the link of stabilizing the industrial chain;China's enterprises can stabilize the industrial chain through OFDI in the upstream circulation countries,but cannot further transmit it,while they can consolidate the industrial chain through OFDI in the downstream circulation countries instead of stabilizing the industrial chain;the transmission effects of OFDI of the state-owned enterprises and foreign enterprises break in the link of stabilizing the industrial chain,while local private enterprises achieve the transmission from stabilizing the industrial chain to consolidating the industrial chain through OFDI.