HIV/AIDS患者超声心动图的特征分析

Characterization of echocardiography in patients with HIV/AIDS

目的 分析HIV/AIDS患者超声心动图的特征表现。方法 选取2020年12月至2021年11月在昆明市第三人民医院就诊行超声心动图检查的HIV/AIDS患者为HIV/AIDS组,同期就诊按照性别和年龄±3岁入组的非HIV/AIDS患者为非HIV/AIDS组,收集两组患者超声心动图检查结果,SPSS26.0进行统计分析。结果 HIV/AIDS组纳入181例患者,非HIV/AIDS组纳入181例患者,两组超声心动图异常率分别为32.60%(59/181)、14.92%(27/181),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HIV/AIDS组出现左心室舒张功能障碍(16.57%vs. 8.84%)、心包积液(9.39%vs.2.76%)、肺动脉收缩压升高(6.63%vs. 0.55%)和主动脉钙化(5.52%vs. 1.66%)高于非HIV/AIDS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与非HIV/AIDS组超声测量结果相比,HIV/AIDS组主动脉根部内径[23.00(21.50,26.00) vs. 23.00(21.00,24.00)mm,P=0.014]、主肺动脉内径[20.00(18.00,22.00) vs. 19.00(18.00,21.00)mm,P=0.012]和左房内径[25.00(22.50,28.00) vs. 25.00(22.00,26.00)mm,P=0.033]的尺寸较大,且HIV/AIDS组患者肺动脉瓣流速较快[85.00(77.00,96.50)vs. 82.00(71.00,92.50)cm/s,P=0.007],差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 HIV/AIDS患者和非HIV/AIDS患者超声心动图表现存在差异,HIV/AIDS患者左心室舒张功能障碍、心包积液、肺动脉收缩压升高和主动脉钙化的发生较为多见,且主动脉根部内径、主肺动脉内径、左房内径的尺寸较大和肺动脉瓣流速较快。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of echocardiography in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods HIV/AIDS patients attended the Third People's Hospital of Kunming from December,2020 to November,2021 for echocardiography were selected as the HIV/AIDS group,while non-HIV/AIDS patients were simultaneously selected according to gender and age(±3 years)as the non-HIV/AIDS group.SPSS 26.0 was used to statistically analyze echocardiographic findings of both groups.Results There were 181 patients enrolled in the HIV/AIDS group and 181 patients enrolled in the non-HIV/AIDS group.The echocardiographic abnormality rate in the two groups was 32.60%(59/181)and 14.92%(27/181),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction(16.57%vs.8.84%),pericardial effusion(9.39%vs.2.76%),pulmonary artery systolic pressure elevation(6.63%vs.0.55%),and aortic calcification(5.52%vs.1.66%)were higher in the HIV/AIDS group than non-HIV/AIDS group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Compared with the non-HIV/AIDS group on ultrasound measurements,the aortic root internal diameter[23.00(21.50,26.00)vs.23.00(21.00,24.00)mm,P=0.014],main pulmonary artery internal diameter[20.00(18.00,22.00)vs.19.00(18.00,21.00)mm,P=0.012],and left atrial internal diameter[25.00(22.50,28.00)vs.25.00(22.00,26.00)mm,P=0.033]were larger in the HIV/AIDS group,and the pulmonary valve flow velocity was faster in the HIV/AIDS group[85.00(77.00,96.50)vs.82.00(71.00,92.50)cm/s,P=0.007],all with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusions There are differences in echocardiographic characterization between the HIV/AIDS and non-HIV/AIDS patients.In HIV/AIDS patients,left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,pericardial effusion,elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure,and aortic calcification are more common;the dimensions of the aortic root internal diameter,main pulmonary artery internal diameter,and left atrial internal diameter are larger;and the pulmonary valve flowvelocity is faster.