水产绿色健康养殖行动:养殖户的选择偏好及其异质性来源——基于最优—最劣选择实验法的分析

Green and Healthy Aquaculture Action:Farmers’ ChoicePreferences and Preference Heterogeneity:Based onthe Analysis of a Best-worst Scaling Choice Experiment Method

科学规范养殖户生产行为是从源头推动水产养殖业绿色健康发展的关键。本文基于浙江省342户池塘养殖户的入户调查数据,采用最优—最劣选择实验法,建立序次优劣混合Logit模型分析养殖户对不同绿色健康养殖方式及其支持措施的偏好,并探究偏好的异质性来源。研究结果表明,养殖户对四种绿色健康养殖方式的接受意愿排序,从高到低依次为使用配合饲料、减少药物使用、实施低密度养殖和开展尾水处理,其中养殖户对开展尾水处理的负偏好最为明显。在支持措施方面,养殖户对技术指导的偏好高于养殖保险,但二者间的偏好程度差距随着最劣选择的介入显著缩小。偏好异质性分析结果显示,年龄越小和加入合作社的养殖户采纳减量施药的意愿越强,养殖收入占比越低、养殖面积越大以及加入合作社的养殖户参与尾水处理的意愿越强,家庭劳动力数量越少、养殖规模越大、养殖经验越少和风险偏好越小的养殖户对养殖保险的偏好越强。

Scientifically regulating the production behavior of farmers is the key to promote green and healthy development of aquaculture from the source.Based on the survey data of 342 pond farmers in Zhejiang Province,this article uses the best-worst scaling choice experiment method to establish sequential best-worst mixed logit model and analyzes the selection preference and sources of preference heterogeneity of farmers’willingness to different green farming method and their supporting measures.The results show that farmers’preference for the four green farming methods is,from high to low,the use of compound feed,the reduction of drug use,the im⁃plementation of low-density farming and tail water treatment.Among these methods,farmers have the most obvious negative preference for tail water treatment.Farmers have a higher preference for technical guidance than farming insurance,but with the intervention of the worst choice,the gap between the two is significantly narrowed.In addition,there is heterogeneity in the preferences of farmers to participates in the green farming programs.The younger the farmers are and farmers who joined the cooperatives,the stronger the willingness to adopt the reduced amount of pesticide ap⁃plicationis.The lower the proportion of farming income is,the larger the farming area is,and farm⁃ers who joined the cooperative,the stronger the willingness to participate in tail water treatment is.The smaller the number of family labor is,the larger the farming scale is,the less farming expe⁃rience is,and the smaller the risk preference is,the stronger the preference for farming insurance is.