我国煤矿(区)离层水害特征分析

Characteristics analysis of bed separation water inrush hazard of coal mine areas in China

为了全面掌握中国离层水害事故特征及相关因素,详细统计并分析了我国离层水害事故时空分布、地域分布、时间分布及等级分布规律,总结了离层水害的赋存条件、充水水源、导水通道、涌水形式和开采条件。结果表明:白垩系砂岩含水层下近水平厚煤层开采诱发的离层水害分布范围最广、突水次数最多,且事故等级和死亡人数最多;节后复产和气候更迭时期是人为因素造成离层水害事故的高发期;巨厚硬岩含水层和含—隔水层组合岩层是积水离层的赋存形式;(特)厚煤层或缓倾斜(近水平)煤层开采是引发离层水害的主要开采条件。

In order to study the characteristics and related factors of bed separation water inrush hazard,this paper counts and analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution,regional distribution,time distribution and rank distribution of water damage accident of bed separation water inrush hazard in detail.It summarizes occurrence conditions,the water filling source,water diversion channel,water inrush form and mining conditions.The result shows that the bed separation hazard inrush of the excavation of near horizontal thick coal seam under cretaceous sandstone aquifer is the widest distribution range,the most water inrush times,and the most accident grades and deaths.The period of resumption of production after the festival and climate change is the high incidence period of bed separation water inrush hazards caused by human factors.The large thick-hard rock aquifer and the combination strata of water-bearing and water-resisting layer both are occurrence forms of bed separation water filling.The main excavation condition of bed separation water inrush hazard is the thick coal seam excavation or the gently inclined coal seam excavation.