青年毛泽东以唤醒民众为主旨的政治启蒙实践

Young Mao Zedong's Political Enlightenment Practice with the Theme of Awakening the People

政治淡漠是新文化运动启蒙思想家们关注、改造的近代中国国民劣根性之一。以毛泽东为代表的新民学会群体建基于此问题意识,发挥历史主动精神,以“呼声革命”、占领舆论高地、文教大众化等综合性、结构化方式唤醒沉睡中的底层民众的政治主体性意识,实现了马克思主义在中国早期传播进程中先进知识分子从外部唤醒底层民众的历史使命,为新民主主义革命开局奠定了社会舆论与组织人才基础。此外,上述政治启蒙实践,也有力回应了学界关于“救亡压倒启蒙”论的观点——近代中国民族救亡图强与政治启蒙是共时性发生的历史进程。

Political apathy,as one of the key points of the fundamental inferiority of modern Chinese people,is the focus of the enlightenment thinkers of the new cultural movement.The Xinmin Institute group,represented by Mao Zedong,is based on the problem consciousness of reforming this national character,giving full play to the historical initiative,and awakening the political and historical subjectivity consciousness of the sleeping bottom people in a comprehensive and structured way,such as calling for revolution,occupying the highland of public opinion,popularization of culture and education.It realized the historical mission of advanced intellectuals to awaken the bottom people from the outside in the process of Marxism's early dissemination in China,and laid the foundation of social opinion and organizational talents for the beginning of the new democratic revolution.In addition,the above enlightenment practice of political subjectivity for the people at the bottom also strongly responded to the academic viewpoint of"national salvation over enlightenment"--the historical process of national salvation and political enlightenment in modern China occurred synchronously.