多相双功能催化剂催化乙酰丙酸制备γ-戊内酯

Heterogeneous Bifunctional Catalysts for Catalyzing Conversion of Levulinic Acid toγ-Valerolactone

乙酰丙酸是重要的生物质衍生物,通过多相双功能催化剂催化转化其制备γ-戊内酯(GVL)成为生物精炼领域的研究热点。本文综述了近年来贵金属以及非贵金属双功能催化剂催化乙酰丙酸及其酯直接加氢制备GVL,以及金属负载型、改性分子筛和混合金属氧化物等双功能催化剂催化乙酰丙酸及其酯转移加氢制备GVL。在双功能催化剂作用下,乙酰丙酸及其酯通过羰基加氢和后续内酯化反应两个过程生成GVL。本文详细研究了不同双功能催化剂中活性位点在反应路径中的重要性,讨论了不同双功能催化剂在乙酰丙酸加氢转化过程中存在的优势和问题,并对未来双功能催化剂的开发和GVL的合成进行展望。

Levulinic acid is important biomass-derived compounds,and catalytic conversion of them toγ-valerolactone(GVL)over heterogeneous bifunctional catalysts has become a hot focus in the field of biorefining.In this paper,the direct hydrogenation of levulinic acid and its esters to GVL catalyzed by noble and non-noble metal bifunctional catalysts,and the transfer hydrogenation of levulinic acid and its esters to GVL catalyzed by the bifunctional catalysts,such as metal-supported catalysts,modified zeolite,and mixed metal oxides,are reviewed.Conversion of levulinic acid and its esters to GVL over bifunctional catalysts involves two steps,including hydrogenation of carbonyl group and subsequent lactonization reaction.In addition,the importance of active sites of various bifunctional catalysts in conversion of levulinic acid and its esters is studied in this paper,and the advantages and problems of different catalysts during the conversion of levulinic acid/esters are discussed.Finally,the development of bifunctional catalysts and the synthesis of GVL in the future are prospected.