纳豆芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能及肠道健康的影响

Effect of Bacillus natto on growth performance,immune function and intestinal health of broilers

试验旨在研究饲喂纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillis natto)对肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响。选取180只1日龄科宝肉仔鸡,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,对照组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮+300 mg/kg纳豆芽孢杆菌。试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,1~42日龄试验组肉鸡的平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),肉鸡42日龄体重显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,21日龄和42日龄试验组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M (IgM)含量分别提高了37.63%、38.85%(P<0.01);42日龄试验组肉鸡空肠黏膜白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。基于PCoA分析结果显示,试验组肉鸡肠道菌群结构发生改变,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡肠道另枝菌属(Alistipes)占比有所提高(P>0.05),试验组的Enorma、未分类_f_黄杆菌属(norank_f_Flavobacteriaceae)、Paludicola显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,纳豆芽孢杆菌能够改善肠道菌群结构,提高肠道菌群丰富度和多样性,增强机体免疫功能,进而提高肉仔鸡生长性能。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding Bacillis natto on growth performance,immune function and intestinal flora of broilers.A total of 180 one-day-old Kebao broilers were randomly divided into two groups,with six replicates in each group and 15 broilers in each replicate.The broilers in control group were fed with a basal diet,and broilers in experimental group were fed with a basal diet+300 mg/kg Bacillus natto.The experiment lasted for 42 d.The results showed that compared with control group,the average daily gain of experimental group at 1~42 d of age was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the body weight at 42 d of age was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,serum IgM content of broilers in experimental group was increased by 37.63%and 38.85%at 21 and 42 d of age,respectively(P<0.01).Compared with control group,the content of IL-1βin jejunal mucosa of broilers in experimental group at 42 d of age was extremely decreased(P<0.01).The results of PCoA analysis showed that the flora structure of the experimental group was changed,and the proportion of Alistipes in experimental group was increased compared with control group(P>0.05).Enorma,norank_f_Flavobacteriaceae and Paludicola in experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The study indicates that Bacillus natto can improve the structure of intestinal flora,enhance the richness and diversity of intestinal flora,enhance the immune function,thus improve the growth performance of broilers.