不同来源人工培养蝉花子实体挥发性成分的研究

Research on the volatiles of fruiting bodies of artificial cultured Isaria cicadae Miq.from different sources

目的 探究不同来源蝉花子实体挥发性物质的组成和差异。方法 采用顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱质谱法对两个不同来源的7个蝉花子实体的挥发性成分进行检测分析。结果 7个样品共鉴定出95种挥发性化合物,酯类化合物21种、烯烃类化合物21种、酮类化合物17种、烷烃类化合物9种、醛类化合物6种、醇类化合物6种、酸类化合物5种、炔烃类化合物1种、其他化合物9种,其中10种为共有化合物。相对含量分析表明, A实验室样品挥发成分以烯烃类化合物为主, B实验室样品挥发成分以酯类、烯烃类和酮类化合物为主。主成分分析提取得到特征值大于1的主成分3个,累积方差贡献率达81.2%,可对不同来源的蝉花子实体样品进行初步区分。通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析鉴别出两实验室培养蝉花子实体的主要差异挥发性化合物有8种。聚类分析结果表明A、B实验室培养样品各自聚为一类,聚类热图分析表明两实验室培养蝉花子实体在挥发性化合物的组成存在明显差异,可将二者进行区分。结论 从本研究的结果可以看出两个不同来源的蝉花子实体样品挥发性成分存在一定差异,但同一来源不同批次样品间差异小于不同来源之间的差异。可为蝉花子实体的品质控制和鉴定提供理论和实验依据。

Objective To explore the composition and differences of volatile compounds of Isaria cicadae Miq.from different sources.Methods The volatile compounds of 7 fruiting bodies of I.cicadae Miq.from 2 different sources were detected and analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS).Results A total of 95 volatile compounds were identified from 7 samples,including 10 common compounds.There were 21 kinds of ester compounds,21 kinds of olefin compounds,17 kinds of ketone compounds,9 kinds of alkane compounds,6 kinds of aldehyde compounds,6 kinds of alcohol compounds,5 kinds of acid compounds,1 kind of alkyne compound and 9 kinds of other compounds.The relative content analysis showed that the volatile components of laboratory sample A were mainly olefin compounds,while the volatile components of laboratory sample B were mainly esters,olefin and ketone compounds.Three principal components with the characteristic values greater than 1 were obtained from principal component analysis,with the cumulative variance contribution rate reaching 81.2%,which could preliminarily distinguish the I.cicadae Miq.samples from different sources.Eight kinds of volatile compounds which were the main differences between the I.cicadae Miq.cultured in 2 laboratories were identified by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The results of clustering analysis indicated that the samples cultured in the laboratories A and B were respectively clustered into one class,and the thermal diagram analysis of clustering indicated that there existed significant differences in the compositions of volatile compounds in the fruiting bodies of I.cicadae Miq.in the 2 laboratories,which could be distinguished from each other.Conclusion From the results of this study,it can be seen that there are some differences in volatile components between 2 samples from different sources,but the differences between different batches of samples from the same source are less than those from different sources.It can provide theoretical and experimental basis for quality control and identification of I.cicadae Miq..