不同栽培方式对黄金茶土壤环境及幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Cultivation Patterns on Soil Environment and Seedling Growth of Golden Tea

为了明确黄金茶采用覆膜与起垄栽培的技术效果,在湘西州的高温干旱季节,以黄金茶1号为试材,研究了不同栽培方式对黄金茶土壤环境及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:覆膜起垄(FQ)和覆膜不起垄(FB)0~10和10~20 cm的土壤温度始终高于不覆膜起垄(BQ)和不覆膜不起垄(BB),以FQ的温度最高;FQ和FB处理0~10cm土壤湿度大于BQ和BB处理,且FQ处理10~20 cm土壤湿度在整个试验期间始终大于其他处理;FQ处理的土壤含水量显著高于其他处理;FQ处理的茶苗成活率最高,其次是BQ处理,成活率分别为85.0%和31.7%;茶苗的侧根数以FQ最多,单株重以FQ最重。因此,覆膜起垄栽培有利于茶苗生长,可以达到提高茶树幼苗抗旱性的效果。

This experiment,using Golden Tea No.1 as material,has studied the effects of film mulching and/or ridging cultivation on the soil environment and seedling growth of golden tea in the high temperature and drought season of Xiangxi Prefecture.The results showed that soil temperatures at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm depths in treatments of film mulching with ridging(FQ),and film mulching without ridging(FB)were always higher than those in treatments of ridging without film mulching(BQ),and no mulching and ridging(BB),with temperature in treatment FQ being the highest.Soil humidity at 0-10 cm depth in treatments FQ and FB was larger than that in treatments BQ and BB,and soil humidity at 10-20 cm depth in treatment FQ was always bigger than that in the other treatments during the experiment.Furthermore,to treatment FQ,its soil water content was significantly higher than that of the other treatments,its tea seedling survival rate was the highest,followed by that of treatment BQ,reaching 85%and 31.7%,respectively,and its lateral root number and single plant weight were also the largest.Therefore,the film mulching and ridging cultivation technology is conducive to the growth of golden tea seedlings,thus improving their drought resistance.