超声评估膈肌功能及其临床应用进展

Progress in ultrasound assessment of diaphragm function and its clinical application

膈肌是最重要的呼吸肌,承担着约75%的呼吸做功。可通过超声测量膈肌厚度、膈肌移动度等指标来评估膈肌功能,进而辅助临床医师作出相应决策。膈肌超声在预测机械通气患者脱机结局、协助诊断慢性阻塞性肺疾病、预测全身麻醉术后肌松残余、预测术后肺部并发症及评估康复训练效果等方面有潜在价值。本文就膈肌的超声评估方法及临床应用情况进行综述,以期指导临床医师应用超声相关指标来评估膈肌功能,希望对临床工作提供帮助。

The diaphragm,the most important respiratory muscle,is responsible for about 75%of the work of breathing.Diaphragmatic function can be assessed by measuring its thickness excursion by ultrasound,thereby assisting clinicians in making corresponding decisions.Diaphragmatic ultrasound has potential value in predicting the outcome of weaning in patients with mechanical ventilation,assisting the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,predicting residual muscle relaxation after general anesthesia,predicting postoperative pulmonary complications,and assessing the effect of rehabilitation training.This article reviewed the ultrasound assessment methods of the diaphragm and its clinical application,thus providing guide for the clinicians to assess diaphragm function using ultrasound-related indicators and helping clinical work.