海口市老年慢性病住院患者衰弱现状及其影响因素

Frailty status in elderly inpatients with chronic diseases in Haikou City and its influencing factors

目的 明确海口市老年慢性病住院患者衰弱现状及影响因素。方法 2021年8月至2022年2月,采用方便抽样法对海口市两家三级甲等医院住院的356例患者使用自行设计的一般资料调查表和Fried衰弱表型量表进行调查及衰弱评估。采用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行数据分析。根据数据类型,采用χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。采用多元logistic回归分析衰弱的影响因素。结果 356份问卷中,有效问卷为349份,有效回收率为98.03%。349例慢性病老年住院患者平均年龄为(69.21±7.05)岁;无衰弱、衰弱前期、衰弱患者分别为107例(30.7%)、117例(33.5%)和125例(35.8%)。多元logistics回归分析显示,年龄(OR=0.386,95%CI 0.149~0.995;P<0.05)、性别(OR=0.514,95%CI 0.279~0.947;P<0.05)、个人月均收入(OR=1.772,95%CI 0.879~3.574;P<0.05)、确诊慢性病情况(OR=0.419,95%CI 0.158~1.110;P<0.05)、睡眠状况(OR=0.821,95%CI 0.252~2.668;P<0.05)、服用药物情况(OR=0.464,95%CI 0.206~1.044;P<0.05)均是衰弱的影响因素。结论 热带城市海口老年慢性病住院患者衰弱的发生率较高,医务人员应重视慢性病老年人衰弱的评估,及时有效地采取相关干预措施减少老年慢性病患者衰弱的发生,延缓其进展。

Objective To clarify the frailty status of elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases in Haikou City and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 356 patients admitted to two Class A tertiary hospitals in Haikou City were collected by convenient sampling from August 2021 to February 2022,and then surveyed and evaluated with self-designed general data questionnaire and Fried frailty phenotype assessment.SPSS statistics 25.0 was used for data analysis.According to data type,Chi-square test was employed for comparison between groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of frailty.Results Among the 356 questionnaires,349 were valid,with an effective recovery of 98.03%.The mean age of the 349 participants was(69.21±7.05)years.There were 107 cases(30.7%)without frailty,117 cases(33.5%)at pre-frail stage and 125 cases(35.8%)with frailty.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=0.386,95%CI 0.149-0.995;P<0.05),gender(OR=0.514,95%CI 0.279-0.947;P<0.05),personal monthly income(OR=1.772,95%CI 0.879-3.574;P<0.05),confirmed chronic disease(OR=0.419,95%CI 0.158-1.110;P<0.05),sleep status(OR=0.821,95%CI 0.252-2.668;P<0.05),medications(OR=0.464,95%CI 0.206-1.044;P<0.05)were all factors affecting frailty in the elderly inpatients.Conclusion The incidence of frailty is high in elderly hospitalized patients with chronic diseases living in our tropical city,Haikou.Medical staff should pay attention to the evaluation of frailty in the population,and take relevant interventions timely and effectively to reduce its occurrence and delay its progress in them.