一种以院墙转换空间的方法——以艺圃浴鸥小院外墙为例

The Method of Transforming Space with Courtyard Wall:A Case of the Outer Wall of Yu’ou Courtyard in Yi Garden

空间转换是建筑学中的一个基本问题。对此,作为建筑基本要素的墙体,其作用也不仅仅是一般所谓的围合或分隔,还可起某种空间转换和连接的作用。针对这一议题,文章以艺圃浴鸥小院外墙为例进行详解。思考院墙在连接空间的同时,如何成就院墙两边的空间体验,而非贬抑一方的空间体验来成就另一方的空间体验,以此探寻以院墙连接空间的方法:从平面位置经营角度出发,北墙的内收、偏径的双重洞门,以及同一空间三洞门的并置,均是凭借对视线的适度遮挡与多种选择的并置来获得迷宫般的体验;从剖面高下应对角度出发,高度的提升及院墙两侧树石的相反倾向,使得内外两个庭院转化为瞬变的洞天。由此揭示院墙转换空间的可能性及其策略和方法,为相关问题的解决提供借鉴。

Spatial conversion is a basic topic in architecture.In this regard,the wall,as the basic element of architecture,not only functions as the so-called enclosure or separation,but also plays a role of spatial conversion and connection.In view of this issue,the outer wall of the Yu’ou courtyard in Yi garden is selected for detailed analysis.Think about how to achieve the space experience on both sides of the courtyard wall while connecting the space,rather than belittle the space experience of one side to achieve the other,so as to explore the method of connecting the space with the courtyard wall.From the perspective of plane position management,the adduction of the north wall,the double portal with eccentric diameter,and the juxtaposition of the three portals in the same space are all aimed to obtain the maze like experience by the moderate occlusion of the line of sight and the juxtaposition of multiple choices.From the perspective of coping with the height of the section,the elevation of the height and the opposite tendency of trees and stones on both sides of the courtyard wall turn the inner and outer courtyards into transient space.Thus,it reveals the possibility and its strategies and methods of transformation space between courtyard walls,so as to provide a reference for related problems.