急诊科护士抗逆力现状及影响因素的路径分析

Path analysis of resilience and its influencing factors of emergency nurses

目的 了解急诊科护士抗逆力的现状,分析其影响因素及作用路径,以期为急诊护理团队管理提供参考依据。方法 2021年6—10月,采用便利抽样法,选取上海市3所三级医院和3所二级医院418名急诊科护士作为调查对象,应用一般资料调查表、领导选择感知量表、工作重塑量表、工作激情量表及医护人员抗逆力量表收集资料,并对数据进行分析。结果 418名急诊科护士的抗逆力得分为(72.97±11.39)分;医护人员抗逆力与领导选择感知、工作重塑、工作激情(强迫工作激情维度除外)条目均分呈正相关(r=0.556、0.833、0.535,均P<0.05),而与强迫工作激情维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.172,P<0.05);领导选择感知、工作重塑对医护人员抗逆力存在直接正向影响(β=0.124、0.763,均P<0.01)。工作激情、工作重塑在领导选择感知和医护人员抗逆力关系里中介效应显著(95%CI:0.187~0.342),领导选择感知对医护人员抗逆力的总效应为0.524(P<0.01,95%CI:0.449~0.599);直接效应为0.091(P<0.01,95%CI:0.034~0.165),中介效应为0.454(P<0.01,95%CI:0.391~0.501),中介效应占总效应的比值为83.32%。结论 工作重塑、工作激情在领导选择感知与医护人员抗逆力之间起中介作用,护理管理者应增加与急诊护士的良性互动,提高其岗位特征和自我价值观的契合度,通过营造积极的职业团队氛围,增进急诊科护士的工作激情及工作重塑力,进而提升其抗逆力水平,稳定急诊护理队伍和塑造竞争优势。

Objective To understand the status quo of emergency nurses'resilience,analyze its influencing factors and the path of action,in order to provide the basis for emergency nursing team management.Methods From June to October 2021,418 emergency nurses of three tertiary hospitals and three secondary hospitals in Shanghai were selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method.The general data questionnaire,perceived leader selection scale,job crafting scale,work passion scale and resilience of medical staff scale were used to collect data,and the data were analyzed.Results The scores of resilience among 418 emergency nurses was(72.97±11.39)points.There were positive correlations between the emergency nurses'resilience and the average scores of perceived leader selection,job crafting and work passion(except the forced work passion dimension)(r=0.556,0.833,0.535,all P<0.05),and there was a negative correlation with the forced work passion dimension score(r=-0.172,P<0.05).The perceived leader selection and job crafting had a direct positive impact on resilience(β=0.124,0.763,both P<0.01).The work passion and job crafting had significant mediating effects on the relationship between the perceived leader selection and the nurses'resilience(95%Cl:0.187-0.342),the total effect of the perceived leader selection on the resilience was 0.524(P<0.01,95%CI:0.449-0.599),the direct effect was 0.091(P<0.01,95%CI:0.034-0.165),and the mediating effect was 0.454(P<0.01,95%CI:0.391-0.501),accounting for 83.32%of the total effect value.Conclusion The job crafting and work passion played a mediating role between perceived leadership selection and resilience,the nursing managers should increase the positive interaction with nurses,improve the fit between the characteristics of nurses and their self-values,enhance the work passion and remolding ability of emergency department nurses through creating a positive professional team atmosphere,and then improve their resilience,stabilize the emergency nursing team and shape competitive advantages.