精神病临床高危人群脑影像特征及临床应用

Brain imaging characteristics and its clinical applications in the clinical high-risk population of psychosis

精神病临床高危(clinical high-risk,CHR)人群是处于精神分裂症前驱期的一类人群,已经表现出轻微的临床症状和脑结构、功能异常。脑部病理性变化主要表现为前扣带回、海马等脑区灰质体积减小,胼胝体及钩状束、弓状束等白质纤维受损,小脑萎缩,以及静息态脑网络连接异常。本文将对CHR人群的脑影像学特征及其与临床症状的关系、预测临床结局的作用进行综述。未来可以结合人工智能,找出CHR人群脑结构和功能的特异性标志物,指导临床早期识别和干预。

Clinical high risk(CHR)is the prodrome stage of schizophrenia and the population with CHR show subtle clinical symptoms and abnormal brain structure and function.Specifically,the pathological changes in the brain were mainly manifested as reduced gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate gyrus and hippocampus,damaged white matter fibers in the corpus callosum,uncinate tract and arcuate tract,cerebellar atrophy,and abnormal resting-state brain network connection.This paper reviews the brain imaging features,their relationship with clinical symptoms,and their role in predicting clinical outcomes in individuals with CHR.In the future,we can combine artificial intelligence and neuroimaging techniques to find specific markers of brain structure and function in the CHR population to guide early clinical detection and intervention.