航天高性能薄壁构件的材料-结构一体化设计综述

Materialstructure integrated design for highperformance aerospace thinwalled component

新一代航天器技术的快速发展对结构件超强承载、极端防热、超高精度和超轻量化提出了越来越苛刻的要求,如何设计并制造出高性能、轻量化、超精密的航天薄壁构件成为先进材料与结构设计制造领域普遍关注的难题。本文综述了近年来薄壁构件高性能设计与制造及其航天应用的主要成果,围绕材料-结构多尺度建模与性能表征、多材料多尺度结构设计与增材制造原理、增材制造材料性能与结构设计的交互作用机制等科学问题,就结构优化中的制造工艺约束建模,增材制造工艺参数对结构性能的影响,高性能构件材料-结构一体化设计方法及其在航天结构中的应用展开论述,并展望了未来典型航天薄壁构件材料-结构一体化设计和制造方法发展前景与应用,为未来相关研究工作和航空航天装备研发提供参考。

The rapid development of the next generation of aerospace technology has imposed more and more stringent requirements for such structural performance as the ultra-strong load-bearing,extreme heat-proof,ultra-precision and ultra-lightweight.Therefore,how to design and fabricate high-performance,lightweight,and ultra-precise aerospace thin-walled structures has become a common concern in the field of advanced material and structural design and manufacturing.This paper reviews the main achievements of high-performance design and manufacture of thin-walled components and their aerospace applications in recent years,focusing on the scientific issues including the mapping law between multi-scale structures and structural performance,the composed manufacturing principle of multi-material and multi-scale structures,and the interaction mechanism between material organization evolution and structural deformation.Moreover,the manufacturing process constraints in structural optimization,the influence of additive manufacturing process parameters on the structural optimization,the material-structure integrated design method of highperformance structures and its application in aerospace structures are discussed.The development prospects and applications of the material-structure integrated design and manufacturing methods of typical aerospace thin-walled structures in the future are also prospected,which can provide references for future related research and aerospace applications.