城市生活垃圾计量收费管理制度设计

Design of Municipal Domestic Waste Metering and Charging Management System

计量收费是促进垃圾源头分类和减量的重要手段,是建立经济可持续、分类主体激励有效的生活垃圾分类管理长效机制的重要内容,是我国城市生活垃圾管理的重要政策工具。我国城市分布广、类型多样,在城市规模、多层级管理能力等方面存在较大差异,划分合理的城市生活垃圾管理责任很重要。收费模式选择和具体费率制定要以成本收益为原则,考虑政策制定和执行成本、政策遵从成本、非预期成本,实现政策净收益最大化。

Metering and charging is an important means to promote waste separation and reduction at source,and is an important element in establishing an economically sustainable and effective long-term mechanism for sorting and managing domestic waste,and is an important policy tool for urban domestic waste management in China.China's cities are widely distributed and diverse,and there are large differences in city scale and multi-level management capacity,so it is important to develop a reasonable division of responsibility for urban domestic waste management.The fee model selection and specific rate setting should be based on the principle of cost-benefit,taking into account the cost of policy formulation and implementation,the cost of policy compliance,and unanticipated costs to maximize net policy benefits.