拔牙位点保存技术与常规种植牙对预防种植牙修复患者拔牙后骨缺失及减少牙槽骨吸收的效果对比

Comparison of the effect of tooth extraction site preservation technology and conventional dental implants on preventing bone loss and reducing alveolar bone resorption in p atients with dental implant restoration

目的:分析比较拔牙位点保存技术与常规种植牙对预防种植牙修复患者拔牙后骨缺失及减少牙槽骨吸收的效果。方法:选择2018年6月至2022年6月在山东省临沂市中医医院口腔科进行种植牙修复的160例患者为研究对象,以随机数表法分为讨论组与常模组,每组各80例。给予常模组常规的种植牙修复,讨论组则在种植牙修复过程中应用拔牙位点保存技术。对比两组治疗前后的牙槽骨高度、宽度、骨密度、红色美学指数(PES)评分及治疗后的牙槽嵴唇腭(舌)向骨吸收量、垂直向骨吸收量。结果:治疗前,两组的牙槽骨高度、宽度、骨密度对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月后,两组的牙槽骨高度、宽度、骨密度均低于治疗前,且讨论组的牙槽骨高度、宽度、骨密度均高于常模组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6个月后,讨论组的牙槽嵴唇腭(舌)向骨吸收量和垂直向骨吸收量均低于常模组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的PES评分对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月后,两组的PES评分均高于治疗前,且讨论组的PES评分高于常模组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:拔牙位点保存技术相较于常规种植牙对预防种植牙修复患者拔牙后骨缺失的效果较好,有助于减少牙槽骨吸收,提高牙齿的美观程度。

Objective:To analyze and compare the effects of tooth extraction site preservation technology and conventional dental implants on preventing bone loss and reducing alveolar bone resorption in patients with dental implant restoration.Methods:A total of 160 patients who underwent dental implant restoration in the Stomatology Department of the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Linyi City,Shandong Province from June 2018 to June 2022 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into discussion group and norm group by random number table method,with 80 cases in each group.The discussion group applied the extraction site preservation technique in the process of dental implant restoration.The alveolar bone height,width,bone density,red aesthetic index(PES)score and the alveolar ridge labial-palatal(lingual)bone absorption and vertical bone absorption were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in alveolar bone height,width and bone density between the two groups(P>0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the alveolar bone height,width and bone mineral density in both groups were lower than before treatment,and those in the discussion group were higher than those in the normal group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the alveolar ridge labial-palatal(lingual)bone absorption and vertical bone absorption in the discussion group were lower than those in the normal model group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in PES scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,PES scores in both groups were higher than before treatment,and PES scores in the discussion group were higher than those in the normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with conventional dental implants,the preservation technique of tooth extraction site has a better effect on preventing bone loss after tooth extraction in patients with dental implant restoration,which is helpful to reduce alveolar bone a bsorption and improve the aesthetic degree of teeth.