知识产权保护与知识产权贸易——基于复杂网络的视角

Intellectual Property Rights Trade and Protection-A Perspective from Complex Networks

随着世界贸易的深入和知识产权保护水平的加强,知识产权贸易展现出了新的特征。本文通过分析知识产权贸易网络的特征与我国在其中的地位,利用指数随机图模型探讨了知识产权保护对知识产权贸易的影响。研究发现:(1)知识产权贸易网络在逐渐变得活跃而密集的同时出现了去中心化的趋势,但是两极分化的情况依然明显,我国在该网络中的地位逐渐提升,成为了重要的网络枢纽;(2)两个国家间的知识产权保护水平差距越大,保护水平较强的国家向较弱的国家的知识产权出口额越大;两国间知识产权保护的总水平与知识产权出口额间呈现“U”型关系;(3)知识产权贸易网络存在自组织效应,互惠性、传递闭合性等网络效应对网络发展起到了显著的推动作用;(4)国家发展水平和创新水平越高,知识产权保护对知识产权贸易的推动作用越强;(5)国家提高对知识产权的保护水平,有利于推动贸易协定的签订,进而促进了知识产权贸易关系的产生。本研究为知识产权保护与出口间的关系提供了客观的经验证据,丰富了知识产权贸易网络的文献,并对我国完善知识产权保护制度和协调对外贸易政策提供一定的理论参考。

As global trade deepens and the protection level of intellectual property rights(IPR)strengthens,IPR trade has manifested new characteristics.This paper explores the impact of IPR protection on IPR trade,analyzing features of IPR trade networks and China's role within them,by utilizing an exponential random graph model.The study discovers that(1)IPR trade networks are progressively becoming active and dense,showing decentralization trends,while polarization remains prominent.China's position within the network has gradually improved,becoming a crucial network hub.(2)The larger the disparity in IPR protection levels between two countries,the greater the IPR exports from the country with stronger protection to the weaker one.The relationship between the overall level of IPR protection and the value of IPR exports between two countries exhibits a"U"shape.(3)Self-organizing effect exists in IPR trade networks,with network effects like reciprocity and transmission closure significantly driving network development.(4)The higher the level of national development and innovation,the stronger the driving effect of IPR protection is on IPR trade.(5)The government raises the level of IPR protection,which is conducive to promote the signing of international trade agreements,and further,the creation of IPR trade relationships.The study offers empirical evidence for the relationship between IPR protection and exports,enriches the literature on IPR trade networks,and carries theoretical and practical implications for China in enhancing its IPR protection system and coordinating its foreign trade policies.