数字贸易规则与服务业增加值贸易关联——基于优惠贸易协定深度的分析

Digital Trade Rules and Trade in Value-added Linkages of the Service Industry-An Analysis Based on Preferential Trade Agreements' Depth

本文基于TAPED数据库对涉及41个国家2007—2021年的优惠贸易协定(PTA)数字贸易条款深度(DTCs)进行测算,结合双边国家服务业增加值数据,实证检验了PTA数字贸易条款深度对成员国间服务业增加值贸易关联的影响。研究发现,PTA数字贸易条款总深度的提升促进了成员国间的服务业增加值贸易关联。同时,相较于前沿性DTCs,传统性DTCs对服务业增加值贸易关联的正向影响更为显著;电子商务、知识产权、数据流动条款深度对增加值贸易关联的促进作用依次递减;DTCs的提升对增加值贸易关联的正向影响在信息产业、生产性服务业、生活性服务业中依次递减。此外,不同类型PTA数字贸易条款总深度对增加值贸易关联的影响程度具有差异性,其中北—南型的促进作用最为明显,其次为北—北型,而南—南型的影响并不明确。机制检验发现,DTCs可以通过降低贸易成本以及提升数字生产要素投入比例,提高成员国在服务业价值链中的地位。

Based on the TAPED database,this paper measures the depth of digital trade clauses(DTCs)of preferential trade agreements(PTAs)involving 41 countries from 2007 to 2021,and empirically analyzes the impact of the depth of PTAs DTCs on service trade in value-added linkages of PTA members using the bilateral value-added data of the service industry.The findings suggest that enhancing the total depth of PTAs'DTCs improves service trade in value-added linkages of PTA members.Furthermore,traditional DTCs have a more significantly positive effect than frontier DTCs.The promotion effects of the depth of e-commerce,intellectual property rights,and data flow provisions decrease in turn.The positive impacts of the depth of DTCs also decrease in information services,productive services,and consumer services in sequence.In addition,the total depth of DTCs of different types of PTAs has varying influences on trade in value-added linkages.Among them,North-South type of PTAs has the most prominent promoting effect,followed by North-North type,while the influence of South-South type of PTAs is unclear.The mechanism test finds that the depth of DTCs advances the position of PTA members in the value chain of services through reducing trade costs and increasing the input ratio of digital production factors.