桃细菌性穿孔病田间消长动态及天气条件影响的研究

Field dynamics and influence of weather conditions of peach bacterial shot hole

细菌性穿孔病是桃树上一种最重要的病害,连续4年(2016-2019年)对江苏无锡阳山桃细菌性穿孔病的田间消长动态和天气条件影响进行调查研究。结果表明:桃细菌性穿孔病一般在5月初出现症状,6-10月份病情呈现波浪形上升态势,病害的消长与温度、降雨量和风速相关,特别是与降雨量密切相关,助推病情快速发展。一般大的降雨量(或较长的连续降雨天数)、较高的气温(22~30℃)和较高的风速(>2.0 m·s^(-1))是桃细菌性穿孔病田间消长流行的重要条件,而高温少雨的干旱天气会抑制病害的发展,使病情趋缓或下降。这一研究为桃细菌性穿孔病的预测与防控提供了科学依据。

Bacterial shot hole is the most important peach disease that affects peach production.For four consecutive years(2016-2019),the field dynamics of peach bacterial shot hole of Yangshan in Wuxi,Jiangsu Province and the influence of weather conditions were investigated.The results showed that the symptoms of peach bacterial shot hole generally appeared in early May,and the disease curve showed a wave-like upward trend from June to October.The growth and decline of peach bacterial shot hole was related to temperature,rainfall and wind speed,especially rainfall,which promoted the rapid rise of the disease.Generally,heavy rainfall(or longer continuous rainfall days),higher temperature(22-30℃)and high wind speed(2.0 m·s^(-1))were important conditions for the development and epidemic of peach bacterial shot hole in fields.And the dry weather with high temperature and little rainfall inhibited the development of the disease,making it slow down or decline.This study may provide a scientific basis for the forecasting and controlling peach bacterial shot hole in peach-growing areas.