多主体治理对农户绿色生产行为的影响——基于福建省872户茶农调查数据的实证研究

The Influence of Multi-Agent Governance on Farmers'Green Production Behavior--Empirical Study Based on the Survey Data of 872 Tea Farmers in Fujian Province

农户绿色生产行为是实现化肥农药减量化、农林生态环境保护和农林产业绿色转型发展的重要行动手段。然而,农户在追求生产收益最大化过程中依然存在不规范现象。文章基于多主体治理视角,引入政府规制、市场机制、产业组织驱动和社区治理外部环境因素,建构茶农绿色生产行为决策的理论研究框架,利用福建省茶叶主产区872户茶农调查数据,采用Ordered-Probit模型实证分析多主体治理对茶农绿色生产行为的影响机理及其交互效应,有效揭示多主体治理下茶农绿色生产行为决策的内在逻辑,为茶农绿色生产行为研究提供新的视角。结果表明:(1)影响茶农绿色生产行为决策的因素中,政府规制的引导规制和激励规制均具有正向促进作用,边际效应分别为6.60%和11.35%;市场机制的市场收益激励和销售规则约束均具有正向促进作用,边际效应分别为0.56%和7.57%;产业组织驱动的生产质量监督和农资供应服务均具有正向促进作用,边际效应分别为12.49%和9.38%;社区治理的农户监督和邻里示范均具有正向促进作用,边际效应分别为10.20%和2.90%。(2)在茶农绿色生产行为治理过程中,政府规制与市场机制具有互补效应,而与产业组织驱动和社区治理存在替代效应。因此,政府在加强农业绿色生产技术宣传推广和优化政策补贴机制的同时,既要健全优质优价的市场甄别机制,又要充分发挥茶叶合作组织质量安全监督和绿色农资供应服务的作用,以及健全农村社区监管体系,形成多元主体高效协同互动的茶农绿色生产行为治理模式。

Farmers'green production behavior is an important means of action to achieve chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction,agroforestry ecological environmental protection and green transformation development of agroforestry industry.However,there are still irregularities in farmers'process of maximizing production returns.Based on the perspective of multi-agent governance,the article introduced the external environmental factors such as government regulation,market mechanism,industrial organization drive and community governance,constructed a theoretical research framework of tea farmers'green production behavior decision,and empirically analyzed the influence mechanism of multi-agent governance on tea farmers green production behavior and its interaction with each other by Ordered-Probit model using the survey data of 872 tea farmers in the main tea producing areas of Fujian Province.It effectively revealed the inner logic of tea farmers'green production behavior decision under the multi-agent governance,and provided a new perspective for the study of tea farmers'green production behavior.The results showed that:(1)Among the factors influencing tea farmerss green production behavior decisions,both the guiding regulation and incentive regulation of government regulation had positive contribution,with marginal effects of 6.60%and 11.35%,respectively.The market revenue incentive and marketing rule constraint of market mechanism had positive contribution,with marginal effects of 0.56%and 7.57%,respectively.The production quality supervision and agricultural supply service of industry organization-driven had positive contribution,with marginal effects of 12.49%and 9.38%,respectively.The farmer supervision and neighborhood demonstration of community governance had positive contribution,with marginal effects of 10.20%and 2.90%,respectively.(2)In the governance process of tea farmers'green production behavior,government regulation and market mechanism had complementary effects,while there were alternative effects with industrial organization-driven and community governance.Therefore,the government should strengthen the promotion of agricultural green production technology and optimize the policy subsidy mechanism at the same time,not only to improve the quality and price of the market screening mechanism,but also to give full play to the role of tea cooperative organizations'quality and safety supervision and green agricultural supply services,as well as to improve the rural community supervision system,in order to form a multi-agent governance model with efficient synergistic interaction on teafarmers'green production behavior.