不同年龄段体检女性宫颈癌认知情况及影响因素

Investigation on the cognition of cervical cancer in women of different ages receiving physical examinations and its influencing factors

目的调查不同年龄段体检女性宫颈癌认知情况,并对宫颈癌认知情况的影响因素进行分析,为今后宫颈癌防治知识健康宣教的开展提供参考。方法以2021年5月至2022年5月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院国际医疗中心进行体检的女性为研究对象,采用分层抽样法分别抽取18~35岁、36~59岁、≥60岁3个年龄段体检女性各50名,合计150名进行调查;采用医院自制宫颈癌认知情况调查问卷调查体检女性宫颈癌认知情况,分析不同年龄段体检女性宫颈癌认知度的差异;并根据全部体检女性宫颈癌认知度分为认知度高组与认知度低组,统计体检女性相关资料,采用Logistic回归分析检验体检女性宫颈癌认知情况的影响因素。结果所选取的150名体检女性中128名完成研究全过程,其宫颈癌认知情况调查问卷得分13~36分,平均(22.97±5.01)分;不同年龄段宫颈癌认知情况调查问卷得分对比,≥60岁年龄段得分最低,其次为18~35岁,36~59岁年龄段最高,差异有统计学意义(F=10.333,P>0.05);128名体检女性中76名宫颈癌认知度较低,占59.38%;认知度低组体检女性年龄≥60岁、初中及以下受教育程度、农民、未接受过宫颈癌筛查的例数高于认知度高组体检女性,差异有统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,年龄<60岁、企/事业单位在职或退休职工是体检女性宫颈癌认知度低的保护因素(OR<1,P>0.05);初中及以下受教育、未接受过宫颈癌筛查是体检女性宫颈癌认知度低的危险因素(OR>1,P>0.05)。结论不同年龄段体检女性宫颈癌认知情况存在一定差异,年龄≥60岁的老年体检女性宫颈癌认知度较其他年龄段低,是体检女性宫颈癌认知度低的危险因素,且农民、初中及以下受教育、未接受过宫颈癌筛查也是体检女性宫颈癌认知度低的高危因素。

Objective To investigate the cognition of cervical cancer among women of different ages receiving physical examination,and to analyze its influencing factors,thus providing references for the development of health education on cervical cancer prevention and treatment in the future.Methods Using a stratified sampling method,50 women aged 18~35 years,50 women aged 36~59 years,and 50 women aged≥60 years taking physical examinations in the International Medical Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University from May 2021 to May 2022 were recruited.The cognitive status of cervical cancer in them was investigated using the self-designed questionnaire of cervical cancer cognitive status in the hospital,and the differences at different ages were analyzed.According to the awareness of cervical cancer of all women receiving physical examination,they were divided into high awareness group and low awareness group.Relevant data were collected and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors for their cognition on cervical cancer.Results Totally 128/150 women completed the whole process of the study.The mean score of the self-designed questionnaire of cervical cancer cognitive status was(22.97±5.01[13~36])points.Compared in different age groups,women in≥60 years old group graded the lowest score of the self-designed questionnaire of cervical cancer cognitive status,which was significantly lower than that in the 18-35 years old group,and 36~59 years old group,and the latter group graded the highest score(F=10.333,P<0.05).Totally 76/128(59.38%)women receiving physical examination had a low cognition on cervical cancer.The number of women in the low awareness group who were≥60 years old,low education level in junior high school and below,farmers,and who did not receive cervical cancer screening was significantly higher than that in the high awareness group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age<60 years,and current employees of enterprises/institutions or retired employees were protective factors for low cognition on the cervical cancer among women undergoing physical examination(OR<1,P<0.05),while low education level in junior middle school or below and lack of receive cervical cancer screening were risk factors(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion There is a certain difference in the cognition on cervical cancer among different age groups of women receiving physical examination.The awareness of cervical cancer among women of age≥60 years receiving physical examination is lower than that of other age groups.Age≥60 years,farmers,education level in junior high school and below and lack of cervical cancer screening are risk factors for the low awareness of cervical cancer in women receiving physical examination.