美国成年育龄女性人口学特征和饮食中锌摄入量与抑郁症状的相关性分析

Analysis of the correlation between demographic characteristics,dietary zinc intake and depressive symptoms in American adult women of childbearing age

目的 探讨2015—2018年美国成年育龄女性人口特征和锌摄入量与抑郁症状之间的关系。方法 在NHANES公用数据库下载人口学资料、饮食资料和患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)资料,共2 003名20~45岁女性被纳入研究对象,分析人口学特征和锌摄入量与抑郁之间的关系。结果 2 003名被调查者中,1 805名无抑郁相关症状,198名患有抑郁相关症状。PHQ-9评分在不同种族、学历、婚姻状况及锌摄入量的被调查者中比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),锌摄入量在不同种族的被调查者中比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抑郁症状影响因素进行logistic回归分析发现,学历与抑郁呈正相关(P<0.05),种族和婚姻状况与抑郁相关(P<0.05),而锌摄入量与抑郁呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 被调查者学历越高患抑郁症状的风险越高,而饮食中充足的锌摄入量对改善抑郁症状有一定作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between the demographic characteristics,zinc intake and depressive symptoms among adult women of childbearing age in the United States from 2015 to 2018.Methods Demographic,dietary and patient health questionnaire(PHQ-9)data were downloaded from NHANES public database.A total of 2003 women aged 20-45 years old were included in the study to analyze the relationship between demographic characteristics and zinc intake and depressive symptoms.Results Among the 2003 participants,1805 had no depressive symptoms and 198 had depressive symptoms.There were significant differences in PHQ-9 scores among people of different races,education backgrounds,marital status and zinc intake content(P<0.05),and there was significant difference in zinc intake content among people of different races(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting depressive symptoms found that education level was positively correlated with depressive symptoms(P<0.05),race and marital status were correlated with depressive symptoms(P<0.05),and zinc intake was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(P<0.05).Conclusion The higher the education level of the respondents,the higher the risk of depressive symptoms,and adequate dietary zinc intake can improve depressive symptoms.