论超范围搜查取证的法律规制

Regulation on excessive search

搜查应严格遵守正当程序要求,约束搜查范围,预防搜查对权利的过度干涉。司法实践中存在超出《搜查证》设定范围取证以及偏离本案搜查目的取证的问题。刑事诉讼法对超范围搜查及其证据提取问题的规范较为笼统,既不符合约束公权力的法治精神,也有侵犯公民住宅权、财产权、人格尊严等宪法权利的风险,亦与“推进全面依法治国,根本目的是依法保障人民权益”的要求不符。未来应当构建更加完善的制度体系,限制搜查目的与搜查对象,建立“怀疑留存”机制,将超范围搜查取证纳入司法审查范围。

Search should strictly comply with the requirements of due process.The scope of search should be restrained,and excessive interference with human rights should be prevented.In judicial practice,it happens that police seize evidence beyond the scope of search warrant,or beyond the search purpose.Currently,the criminal procedure law is relatively too general in regulating excessive search and evidence obtained thereunder.Such legislation is not only inconsistent with the spirit of rule of law,but also infringes on the individual's constitutional rights,such as the right against home invasion,the right to property and the right to human dignity.Meanwhile,excessive search also doesn't comply with the requirement of"comprehensively promoting the rule of law,with the fundamental purpose of protecting the rights and interests of the people in accordance with the law".In this regard,a more comprehensive system should be established to restrict the purpose and object of search,a mechanism of"suspending doubtful evidence"should be established.Excessive search and evidence obtained thereunder should be subject to judicial review.