智慧金融技术在油气行业的应用

Application of intelligent finance technology in the oil and gas industry

随着我国石油与天然气的产量、进口量和对外依存度逐年增加,油气期货交易量日益增长,应用智能化技术提高油气交易效能、改善贸易机制已逐渐成为油气行业的重要考量。本文从智慧金融的概念和发展历程出发,探讨智慧技术与金融业务融合后的复合型技术在油气行业的勘探开发融资、资金运营风控、保险与再保险、油气市场交易业务四方面的应用现状和发展态势,分析油气行业碳金融业务的智慧化进程,剖析智慧金融在油气行业应用的主要挑战;涉及的智慧技术包括云计算、区块链、大数据与人工智能。研究结果表明:(1)智慧化技术在油气上中下游的地质与工程环节应用较多,而在金融环节仅有零星的应用场景;(2)智慧金融技术在市场融资、储量评估、交易安全、市场分析、风控与理赔、供应链金融等领域体现出巨大的应用价值;(3)智慧金融技术能够高效促进碳产品、碳衍生品交易市场的发展和交易政策的优化;(4)智慧金融技术在油气行业的应用面临行业的数字化程度低、数据管理效率低、政策法规不完善、市场化程度偏低、人才激励机制不足等挑战。针对上述问题,建议油气企业深化数字化转型,推进跨行业的数据治理,完善智慧金融监管法律体系和提升相关领域人才待遇。

The oil and gas production volume,import amount,and degree of dependence on foreign markets keep increasing annually.Meanwhile,the transaction volume of hydrocarbon futures continues to grow with time.In this regard,using intelligent technology to enhance the efficiency of oil and gas transactions,as well as to improve the trading mechanisms,has gradually become a critical consideration for the oil and gas industry.Therefore,this article first discusses the concept of intelligent finance and illustrates the history of its development.It then investigates the applications of such a composite technology that integrates intelligent techniques and financial businesses in the oil and gas industry.The investigation primarily focuses on the current status of implementation and the developmental trend of four major business fields:the capitalization of petroleum exploration and development,risk management of capital operation,insurance and reinsurance,and transaction of financial products in the oil and gas market.The intelligent techniques under consideration include cloud computing,blockchains,big data,and artificial intelligence.Moreover,the progress of intelligent technology in carbon finance is also analyzed for the oil and gas industry.Last but not least,some primary challenges that would restrain the implementation of intelligent finance technology in the industry are closely examined.The research outcome of this study reveals four discoveries.First of all,the applications of intelligent techniques have been more widely seen in the geology or engineering practices throughout the upstream,middle stream,and downstream stages.In contrast,they are sporadically used for the aforementioned scenes of financial businesses.Secondly,intelligent finance technology has demonstrated enormous value in market capitalization,hydrocarbon reserve evaluation,transaction safety,market analysis,risk control,claim settlement,and supply chain finance in the oil and gas industry.Thirdly,intelligent finance technology can efficiently boost the development of the carbon product market and the carbon derivative market.It can also continuously optimize transaction policies of the industry.Finally,such applications face several challenges,including a low degree of digitalization of the industrial businesses,a low efficiency of data management and administration,immature economic policies and market regulations,a less competitive transaction market,and an unattractive salary package for potential talents.In these respects,it is suggested to strengthen the digital transformation of the oil and gas industry,push the data governance across the related industries,refine the legislative regulation and supervision of intelligent finance practices,and raise the remunerative treatment of the professionals on this field.