袭警罪客观要素的实证研究——基于1466份裁判文书的分析

An Empirical Study on the Objective Elements of the Crime of Assaulting Police--Based on the analysis of 1466 judgment documents

目前我国学者对于袭警罪的研究已基本成型,但在研究方法上存在实证研究阙如的问题。通过实证研究发现,实务中尚存对“暴力袭击”要素的认定标准较低、对“正在依法执行职务”要素的规避忽视以及“人民警察”要素的范围模糊不清等问题,导致袭警罪走向犯罪扩大化之趋势。正确适用袭警罪,必须在保护法益上立足双法益说;在“暴力袭击”的认定上,采用二元立场认定暴力范畴、树立包容性执法理念、坚持暴力袭击的去“意外性”;在“正在”要素的认定上,构建二步骤法的实践模型;在犯罪对象上,对辅警的纳入作理性限制。

Chinese scholars have studied a lot on the crime of assaulting police officers,but there are problems in empirical research in research methods.The empirical evidence shows that in practice,the low standard for identifying the elements of""violent attacks",the evasion and neglect of the elements of"performing duties in accordance with law",and the ambiguity of the scope of the elements of"police"lead to the trend of crime of assaulting police officers to expand crime.The correct application of the crime of assaulting police must be based on the theory of double legal interests in the protection of legal interests;in the identification of"violent attacks",the dual position is used to identify the category of violence,establish the concept of inclusive law enforcement,and adhere to the"unexpectedness"of violent attacks;in the identification of"being"elements,a practical model of two-step method is constructed;on the object of crime,the inclusion of auxiliary police is rationally restricted.