废塑料处置与利用技术研究进展

Advances in Waste Plastic Disposal and Utilization Technology

塑料制品是制造业的重要产品类型,产业发展质量与经济社会息息相关;在现阶段面临资源环境约束趋紧的背景下,合理处置并利用废塑料对经济和环境可持续发展至关重要。塑料制品种类更加丰富,相应处置技术及应用挑战不断更新,与产业高质量发展、严格的环保要求相叠加,凸显了系统梳理废塑料处置与利用研究进展的迫切性。本文就废塑料处置与利用技术体系进行了细致分类,主要从废塑料的机械处置、能源与资源转化、再生循环利用、处置与利用新技术4个方面阐明了技术特点、适用条件、研究进展。在此基础上,借鉴发达国家已有经验、针对相关技术应用挑战,提出了从源头减量并鼓励再生塑料使用、强化废塑料分类回收力度、推动技术创新与成果转化等应对建议,以期为我国废塑料清洁处置与回收利用研究提供参考。

Plastic products are a significant component of the manufacturing industry and the plastic industry is closely related to economic and social development.As constraints from resources and environment tighten,rational disposal and utilization of waste plastics becomes crucial for the sustainable economic and environmental development.Currently,the variety of plastic products becomes abundant,and disposal technologies and application challenges are constantly updated.Considering the demand for high quality development of the industry and increasingly strict environmental protection requirements,a systematic analysis of the research progress of waste plastic disposal and utilization becomes urgent.In this study,the waste plastic disposal and utilization technologies are categorized into mechanical disposal of waste plastics,energy and resource conversion,regeneration recycling,and new technologies for disposal and utilization.These four types of technologies are expounded from the aspects of technical features,applicable conditions,and research progress.On the basis,facing the technical challenges and referring to the existing experience of developed countries,suggestions are proposed from the aspects of source reduction,sorted recycling of waste plastics,and technological innovation and transformation,hoping to provide a reference for the clean disposal and recycling of waste plastics in China.