蜂窝与梯形格构腹板增强泡沫夹芯复合材料防撞装置吸能特性

Energy absorption behavior of an anti-collision device with foam-filled sandwich composite materials reinforced by honeycomb and trapezoidal lattice webs

为分析格构腹板增强泡沫夹芯复合材料试件的力学性能及吸能效果,对其进行准静态压缩试验。该试件的面层和格构腹板均使用玻璃纤维增强复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP),芯材则使用聚氨酯(polyurethane,PU)泡沫。由这两种材料制备的试件包括六边形(hexagonal,H)格构和梯形(trapezoidal,T)格构试件。试验结果表明,45°梯形格构试件的荷载-位移曲线最为理想,该试件不但避免了承载力突降的问题,同时也极大的提高了弹性行程。对于六边形格构试件,泡沫密度的提升对试件弹性极限承载力和吸能特性影响较大。基于梯形格构试件所截取基体单元受力情况的分析,得到45°梯形格构试件的等效压缩弹性模量。基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA模拟试件的压缩试验,模拟结果与试验值吻合较好。最后通过船-防撞装置-桥墩的碰撞模拟情况,发现梯形格构复合材料防撞装置对船撞力的削减程度较大,抗撞防护性能更优。

In order to analyze the mechanical properties and energy absorption effect of foam-filled sandwich composite material reinforced specimens,quasi-static compression experiments were carried out.The Glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)was used on the surface and lattice webs of the specimen,and polyurethane(PU)foam was used for core material.The specimens prepared from these two materials include hexagonal(H)lattice and trapezoidal(T)lattice.Experiment results show that the load displacement curve of 45°trapezoidal lattice specimen is the most ideal.The specimen not only avoids the problem of sudden drop of bearing capacity,but also greatly improves the elastic stroke.For hexagonal lattice specimens,the increase of foam density has great influence on the elastic ultimate bearing capacity and energy absorption characteristics of specimens.Based on the stress analysis of the matrix element intercepted by the trapezoidal lattice specimen,the equivalent compressive elastic modulus of the 45°trapezoidal lattice specimen was obtained.Based on the compression experiment of ANSYS/LS-DYNA simulation specimen,simulation results are in good agreement with experiment values.Finally,through the collision simulation of ship anti-collision device pier,it is found that the trapezoidal lattice composite anti-collision device has greater reduction in ship collision force and better anti-collision protection performance.