SiC/UHMWPE防弹插板在步枪弹侵彻下的动态响应研究

A study on the dynamic response of the rifle bullet penetration into a SiC/UHMWPE ballistic plate

对防弹插板在高速冲击下的动态力学响应进行研究,不仅可为新型单兵防弹护装备研发提供指导,也可为高性能穿甲枪弹设计提供参考。首先建立了5.56 mm SS109步枪弹侵彻NIJⅢ级SiC/UHMWPE防弹插板的数值模型,采用JHB(Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel)本构和基于ABAQUS较件二次开发的VUMAT本构分别模拟SiC陶瓷和UHMWPE层合板,通过与基于3D-DIC的防弹插板试验结果对比验证了数值模型的准确性,获得了防弹插板背面变形(back face deformation,BFD)的动态响应过程,并开展了弹丸斜侵彻防弹插板的研究。仿真结果表明:弹丸在侵彻防弹插板40μs后速度从810m/s衰减至218 m/s,防弹插板与弹丸接触的陶瓷块严重碎裂;弹丸仅穿透了两层UHMWPE等效层,UHMWPE层合板弹着点区域产生纤维和基体损伤及分层,到700μs时BFD达到最大,为18.72 mm;防弹插板背面剪应变以弹着点为中心呈“L形”分布,UHMWPE层合板等效应力场呈“菱形”分布,且中间层等效应力水平最高。当弹丸以30°和45°角入射时,防弹插板的BFD峰值分别为11.59 mm和6.84 mm,比垂直入射时分别减小38.09%和64.46%。

The study of the dynamic mechanical response of ballistic plates under high-speed impact can guide the development of new personal protective,and provide a reference for the design of high-performance armor-piercing bullets.In this paper,the numerical model of the 5.56 mm SS109 rifle bullet impacting an NIJⅢSiC/UHMWPE ballistic plate was established.SiC ceramics and UHMWPE laminates were simulated by JHB(Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel)constitutive and VUMAT based on ABAQUS,respectively.And the accuracy of the numerical model was verified by comparing it with the results of the ballistic plate test by 3D-DIC technology.The dynamic response process of the back face deformation(BFD)of the ballistic plate was obtained.The bullet oblique impact of ballistic plates was also studied.The velocity of the bullet decreases from 810 m/s to 218 m/s after 40μs of penetration into the ballistic plate.The ceramic in contact with the bullet in the ballistic plate was seriously broken,the bullet penetrated only two UHMWPE equivalent layers.And the fiber and matrix damage and delamination occur in the impact area of the UHMWPE laminated plate.BFD reaches a maximum of 18.72 mm at 700μs.The shear strain on the back of the ballistic plate was distributed in“L-shape”on the center point of impact,and the equivalent stress field of the UHMWPE laminate was distributed in“diamond shape”,and the equivalent stress level of the middle layer was the highest.When the bullet impacted at 30°and 45°angles,the peak values of BFD of the ballistic plate were 11.59 mm and 6.84 mm,respectively,which were 38.09%and 64.46%lower than that of the vertical incident,respectively.