论《中华人民共和国刑法》第253条之一“公民个人信息”的认定

On the identification of “Citizens' Personal Information” in Article 253 of The Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China

公民个人信息认定在刑事司法中存在扩张风险。公民个人信息不包含隐私权保护内容。作为法定犯,侵犯公民个人信息罪需兼具形式的前置法违反性和实质的法益侵害性。“自然人活动情况”不应突破前置法的范围。已公开个人信息应区分自愿公开和强制公开,自愿公开存在特定事由可阻却违法性。高度敏感信息的范围宜作限缩,排除“多次结合”与“结合中作用小”的情形。

There is a risk of expansion in the identification of citizens' personal information in criminal justice.Citizens' personal information does not include privacy protection content.As a statutory offense,the crime of infringing on citizens' personal information requires both formal violation of the preceding law and substantive infringement of legal interests.The “activity situation of natural persons” should not exceed the scope of the preceding law.Personal information that has been publicly disclosed should be distinguished between voluntary disclosure and mandatory disclosure,as voluntary disclosure may have specific grounds for elimination of illegality.The scope of highly sensitive information should be substantially limited to exclude situations where there are multiple combinations or combinations have a small impact.