寒区隧道冻害现象典型特点及影响因素权重分析

Typical Characteristics of Frost Damage in Cold Region Tunnel and Weight Analysis of Influencing Factors

寒区隧道因受高海拔低温、湍流风等因素影响而发生衬砌破裂、挂冰等冻害,严重影响隧道质量及运营安全。为全面认识寒区隧道可能出现的冻害类型以及定量分析各因素对冻害影响程度,对已有文献及研究成果进行总结,归纳寒区隧道可能出现的冻害现象,并从冻害展现形式角度出发将其划分为渗水挂冰型冻害、衬砌界面型冻害、隧基积冰型冻害三类。在充分总结冻害特点基础上,深入剖析两类冻害形成机理,定性分析隧道冻害主要影响因素,结合前人研究对各影响因素分级,再通过层次分析法得出各级指标对目标层的影响权重;基于所得权重值定量分析其对目标层的影响程度并据此对各影响因素进行排序。研究成果可为寒区隧道抗冻设防长度计算以及防冻方案选取提供理论支撑。

Due to the influence of high altitude,low temperature,turbulent wind and other factors,frost damage such as lining rupture and ice hanging occurs in cold regions,which seriously affects the quality and operation safety of tunnels in the cold areas.To comprehensively understand the possible frost damage types of tunnels in cold regions and quantitatively analyze the influence degree of various factors on frost damage,the existing literature and research results are summarized,and tunnels,possible frost damage phenomena in cold regions are outlined.In addition,from the perspective of the form of frost damage,it is divided into three types:seepage ice hanging type,lining interface type and tunnel foundation ice accumulation type.Based on fully summarizing the characteristics of frost damage,the formation mechanism of two types of frost damage is deeply analyzed,and the main influencing factors of tunnel frost damage are qualitatively analyzed.Combined with previous studies,the influencing factors are graded,and the analytic hierarchy process obtains the influence weight of each index on the target layer.Based on the obtained weight,the influence degree on the target layer is quantitatively analyzed,and the influencing factors are sorted.The research results can provide theoretical support for calculating fortification length and the selection of an anti-freeze scheme for tunnels in cold regions.