“双碳”背景下石化企业氢气系统协同优化技术研究及应用

Research and Application of Collaborative Optimization Technology for Hydrogen System in Refinery under the Background of“Double Carbon”

“双碳”目标下,石化企业碳减排任务艰巨。随着原料油重质化加剧、产品质量清洁化要求加强,石化企业氢气需求量显著增大,氢气已成为企业原料成本中的第二大成本。当前石化企业所用氢气基本为碳基灰氢,其生产过程能耗高、碳排放量大。开展石油加工过程氢气系统集成优化,提高氢气利用率,减少碳基灰氢需求量是石化企业减碳增效的重要途径。针对现有氢气系统优化技术不足,从集成反应动力学机理模型的用氢系统优化技术开发、氢气-轻烃-燃料气耦合优化技术开发、氢气管网可视化监测与优化技术开发、氢气系统智能优化平台开发等角度,研究开发了氢气系统协同优化技术。应用开发的氢气系统协同优化技术对某炼油厂进行优化研究,通过氢气梯级利用、含氢资源回收、构建氢气在线智能优化平台等措施,全厂氢气利用效率提升了9.05个百分点,碳基灰氢需求减少11.60 Nm^(3)/吨原油,碳排放减少11.47 kgCO_(2)/吨原油,2019年1月至2021年12月累计经济效益2.454亿元,二氧化碳累计减排26.359万吨。

Under the“double carbon”target,the carbon emission reduction task of refinery is arduous.As the trend of heavy crude oil and the requirements for cleaner product quality are strengthened,petrochemical enterprises have a large demand for hydrogen.Hydrogen has become the second largest cost in the raw material cost of enterprises.At present,the hydrogen used in petrochemical enterprises is basically carbon based gray hydrogen,which has high energy consumption and carbon emissions in the production process.Improving the utilization rate of hydrogen and reducing the demand for gray hydrogen are important ways for petrochemical enterprises to reduce carbon and increase efficiency.The collaborative optimization technology of hydrogen system is studied and developed from the aspects of the development of hydrogen system optimization technology of integrated reaction kinetic mechanism model,the development of hydrogen light hydrocarbon fuel gas coupling optimization technology,the development of visual monitoring and optimization technology of hydrogen pipe network,and the development of intelligent optimization platform of hydrogen system.The developed hydrogen system collaborative optimization technology was applied to optimize a refinery.The cascade utilization of hydrogen,the recovery of hydrogen containing resources,and the construction of an online intelligent optimization platform for hydrogen have been implemented.The hydrogen utilization efficiency of the whole plant was increased by 9.05 percentage points,the demand for carbon based gray hydrogen was reduced by 11.60 nm^(3)/ton of crude oil,and the carbon emission was reduced by 11.47 kgco^(2)/ton of crude oil.From January 2019 to December 2021,the cumulative economic benefit is 245.4 million yuan,and the cumulative carbon dioxide emission reduction is 263590 tons.