粉末冶金化学共沉淀法制备Cu-50Fe合金的组织与性能研究

Microstructure and properties of Cu-50Fe alloy produced by chemical co-precipitation and powder metallurgy

传统铸造方法制备Cu-Fe合金难度较大,特别是当Fe含量较高时。这是因为铜(Cu)和铁(Fe)之间存在液体组元亚稳不混溶区,使得Cu-Fe合金中成分偏析严重,造成合金强度低,电导率不理想。在本研究中,采用粉末冶金化学共沉淀法制备了Cu-50Fe合金。化学共沉淀法制备的Cu-Fe混合粉末的平均粒径约为3.5μm,呈近似类球形。所制备的合金中铜相和铁相相互交织。冷变形后,铜相和铁相沿冷变形方向拉长成条状。在时效处理过程中,合金中有大量10~50 nm的Fe颗粒在Cu基体中析出。变形时效后Cu-50Fe合金的抗拉强度和电导率分别为651 MPa和41.5%IACS。

Traditional casting preparation of Cu-Fe alloy is difficult,especially when Fe content is relatively high,because there is a metastable immiscible region of liquid components between copper(Cu)and iron(Fe),which causes serious compositional segregation in Cu-Fe alloys and leads to low strength and undesirable electrical conductivity of the alloys.In this study,Cu-50Fe alloy was fabricated by chemical co-precipitation and powder metallurgy.Cu-Fe mixed powders prepared by chemical co-precipitation have an average particle size of about 3.5μm and a near-spherical shape.Copper and iron phases in the fabricated alloy intertwine with each other.After cold deformation,copper and iron phases are elongated along the cold deformation direction to form strips.During aging treatment,a number of Fe particles with diameter of 10-50 nm precipitate in Cu phases in the alloy.The tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the deformed and aged Cu-50Fe alloy are 651 MPa and 41.5%IACS,respectively.